156 
KEl’OKT OF TKAVELLINO FATHOLOGIST AND PllOTOZOOLOOlST 
Ilicmogre- 
garine of the 
spitting cobra 
I lannogre- 
garines of 
various snakes 
length 12*5yj, width 5'0//, the turned-up end about one-third length of cyst. This foi'iii is 
frequently seen in close apposition to the cell nucleus, which may be displaced, elongated, 
swollen or irregular in shape, (b) Pale form with clear protoplasm taking on a pinkish tint 
on staining, not looped within the cyst; length 14//. (c) Small form (Plate XIV., fig. 18) 
measuring 7// by 4/i. There is a large nucleus, composed of a spherical mass of chromatin 
granules, which occupies a great portion of the body of the parasite. Protoplasm stains blue, 
and shows distinct alveolar structure. This form is possibly a young schizont. (d) Free 
hagmogregarines about 15// in length. The interesting point about this htemogregarine is 
that in the lung the parasite reproduces by schizogony. As seen in sections the schizonts are 
large spherical bodies with many nuclei (Plate XIV'^., tig. 23). This body breaks up into numerous 
hajmogregarines (Plate XIV., fig. 24). The schizogony is remarkably like the similar stages of 
the hsemogregarine of the jerboa, as figured by Hr. Balfour in the feecond Report of the 
Wellcome Research Laboratories, and resembles the schizogony of hsemogregarines described 
by Lutz and Laveran in the lungs of other snakes. 
2. Atmctaspis microlepidota. Encysted hjemogregarine, looped within the cyst, which 
lies close to the nucleus of the host-cell. Nucleus of the parasite somewhat elongated. 
Measurement of the cyst, 1.5’4// by 2'8/i. 
3. Psammophis subtceniatus. Hsemogregarines of this snake are encysted within the 
red cells. The cysts, which measure ll'2/i by 4'2//, displace the host-cell nucleus. They are 
very uniform in size and have a large nucleus of oval outline. A peculiar feature is that in 
the majority of infected cells there are present two structures which seem to have some 
connection with the parasite. One is a pale blue staining granule of about 1-1’5// in 
diameter, while the other is a granule of the same size but staining like the nucleus of the cell. 
These two bodies may occupy any position in the cell. Nearly all infected cells possess these 
structures, while they ai'e found in only a few uninfected cells. It is possible that the latter 
cells have been deserted by their hcEinogregarines. The nature of these bodies is not known. 
4. Psammophis sibilans. In this snake is found a hasmogregarine of two distinct typos 
encysted in the red cells, (a) Short form, measuring ll/i Ijy 3’5/i. Hsemogregarine looped 
within the cyst; protoplasm with red staining granules ; nucleus almost spherical, (b) Longer 
forms 15’5/i by 3'5// ; nucleus dense and compact ; protoplasm clear, without granules. In 
either case the nucleus of the host-cell is frequently in contact with the cyst of the hsemo¬ 
gregarine and may he folded round it. 
5. Grayia thoUoni. The hsemogregarine of this snake is encysted and measures 11'2// 
by 3//. There is a great uniformity in the size and characters of these encysted forms. The 
hsemogregarine is looped within the cyst and has its nucleus nesir the bend. The protoplasm 
is very alveolar. 
Marked changes sire produced in the infected cells, which are increased in size and psiler 
in colour. The paling occurs in patches, sxnd appears most marked in the part of the cell not 
in contact with the cyst. The corpuscle may be very much creased and wrinkled while its 
nucleus is flattened and elongated. 
6. Ghloroplujs emiiii. In this snake the hsemogregarines are found in several forms. 
There is a large form with alveolar proto23lasm, and looped within the cyst. It measures 
12’2// by 4'2//. A small form occurs measuring 8'4/( by 4’2/i, unloojied and with large 
nucleus occu^jying the greater 2 )art of the parasite. Intermediate forms between these two are 
found. 
7. Leptodim attaransis. llajmogregarines of two types, (a) Loojxed forms within cysts 
which measure 12'()/( by 2-8j/ ; nucleus of parasite elongated. (5) Unlooped forms with very 
alveolar ^xrotoplasm and spherical nucleus ; size, ll'2/i by 4'2//. The red cells are little changed 
apart from elongation and displacement of their nuclei. 
