192 
AN ACCOUNT OF SOME HELMINTHES COLLECTED IN THE SUDAN 
Physaloptera 
ijuadfovaria 
female, one male, the former measuring two inches, the latter three-quarters of an incli in 
length. Both sexes are very delicate and threadlike. The male has the posterior portion 
strongly curled in corkscrew fashion ; the female tail is bent ventrally as a simple hook. The 
l)ody maintains practically the same diameter throughout its length save at the extremities, 
the anterior end tapering only a little and being round and blunted ; the posterior narrows 
considerably, and in the female is drawn out to a tapering point from the region of the 
anus. The surface of the body is smooth and shows no evidence of transverse striation at 
any part. 
The mouth is simple, and is not guarded by cuticular elevations such as have been 
described for certain of the Filaria, e.g. F. tenehra, F. cornuta, etc. It resembles mucb more 
closely the condition found in certain of the human filaria — e.g. F. perstans, where there are 
only tiny touch corpuscles surrounding the oral aperture. 
The mouth continues into the oesophagus, T5 mm. long, which can be recognised as 
divided into two portions, an anterior narrow portion, 0'3 mm. in length, without musculature, 
and a thick muscular portion, four times the length of the preceding, which is continued into 
the wide cellular-lined chyle intestine to the neighbourhood of the anus. The nerve ring 
encircles the oesophagus 0'25 mm. from the anterior extremity. 
In the male the cloaca opens very close to the tip of the tail (0'07 mm.). Owing to the 
coiling, the number of genital papilla;, so important in species work, cannot be determined with 
certainty, but there appear to be two pairs of pre-anals, a pair of large fleshy ad-anals, and 
three pairs of post-anals. There are two unequal spicules—simple tubular in structure, 
tapering distally- the longer measuring 0 26 mm., the shorter OTl mm. The testicular tube 
extends forwards to within a short distance (0'3 mm.) of the junction of oesophagus with 
chyle intestine. 
In the female the anus lies about 0’36 mm. from the posterior extremity. The ovarian and 
uterine coils fill the greater portion of the body cavity, and their windings give the worm a 
rope-like appearance under the microscope. These coils only cease their forward extension in 
the body cavity at about 0 7 mm. from the head. The vaginal opening is situated 1'2 mm. The 
worm is vivii^arous. 
Filaria Enihryoa 
Dr. Wenyon notes the occurrence of Filaria embryos in the blood of the Francolin 
partridge and of the guinea fowl. The two varieties in the latter were previously noted 
by Neave (1906). In none of the birds examined were adult forms discovered. 
Family, Ph ys.4Loi>tekidj3 
Genus, Physaloptera, 
Physaloptera quadroraria, n. sp. 
Egyptian Monitor Lizard. Yaranus niloticus. Intestine. Taufikia, White Nile. 
The distinctive and most remarkable character of this parasite is the re-diqflication in the 
female of the usual pair of ovarian tubules that is 
typically found in Nematoda. In P. quadrovaria the 
vaginal canal is formed by the fusion of four distinct 
ovarian tubes. 
The genus Physaloptera is but scantily distri¬ 
buted among the Lizards. Rudolphi mentions two 
forms, P. retusa and P. ahreriata, and Parona has added a third, P. rarani, as parasitic in 
Monitors and their allies. 
Pift -1:1 — Division of the uterus of Physaloptera 
qnoHrcaariit into four ovarian tubules, 
ut. =iiteru8. 
ov t-=ovarian tubules. 
