380 
NOTES ON ETHNOGEAPHICAL SPECIMENS 
Uinka 
method of 
Cupping 
and figs. 1 and 2 are cakes of tobacco specially prepared by the natives for smoking in these 
clay-bowled pipes. The most interesting of the Shilluk objects are (Plate XLVII., figs. 4 
and 5) the head-dress and collar of felted hair, and (fig. 11) the circular head ornament which 
is shown in position in Figs. 198 and 199. The Dinka method of cupping is shown in 
Fig. 200, and is thus described by a witness of the operation : “ The skin was wetted and the 
ends of five cowhorns with holes bored in their ends were applied. The doctor then sucked 
the ends and plugged the holes quickly with some cotton which he had in his mouth. 
Then, after a short while, when the pores had been opened, the horns were removed 
and incisions made with a small knife. The horns were then stuck on and sucked as before. 
After a little they were taken off and found to contain a lot of thick Idood that had been 
drawn from the skin. The last operation was to rub the incisions with butter.”' The use 
of the horn for this puiqjose is widely spread in Africa, and it is interesting to note that 
it has been applied in the same way in Scotland. A sjiecimen identical with that just 
referred to, but coming from Shetland, is in the collection of the Royal Scottish Museum. 
The objects in the collection are illustrated and described separately on 
Plates XLIV.-XLVIII. 
C il Wrston 
Fig. 201.—View of Bor 
“ From the Niger to the Nile,” Boyd Alexander, 43. 
