414 
KEPOET OF CHEMICAL LAHORATOEY 
free aciil equivalent to 1-5 c.c. of deciiiormal alkali per gramme of fat. The saponification 
value of the fat was li)5, and the iodine value 7o-3. 
The free acid from the lead soaps insoluble in ether had the neutralisation value 195 
and iodine value 2'2-5, whilst those from the insoluble lead soaps had the neutralisation 
value 196 and iodine value 134-5. 
Lewkowitsch also found, in the ether-extracted samples examined by him, black resinous 
matter amounting to 0-S per cent, of tlie weiglit of tlie seeds. His results on tlie samples 
extracted by ether from Sierra Leone seeds and from an Egyptian Sudan native-jirepared 
sample, were as follows : 
Fat extracted 
from kernels 
Fat prepared 
by natives 
of Sudan 
Sp. (Ir. at IS C . 
n-9111,5 
(1-9003 
■Acid value 
18-,54 
.5-78 
Sapoilificatiou value... 
195-0 
190-1 
Uusapoiiitiable matter . 
1-49 
1-.38 
Iodine value ... 
08-4 
78-12 
Aleaii molecular weight of fatty acids 
283-7 
Titer test . 
42-5 
Lewkowitsch gives the melting point of “ Niam fat” as 24° C. The sample of Sudan 
oil tested by us had, as noted above, a much lower melting point — namely, about 10-5° G, 
Ben oil 
Analysis of 
Ben oil 
Sudan gums 
OIL OF MORINGA PTEIIYOOSPKKIMA. BEN OIL 
This oil is obtained from the seeds of the Muriuija pterijgonperma, which is found 
plentifully in the Sudan. The results of the chemical examination of a sample extracted 
from Sudan seeds are in general agreement with those of this oil from other sources. 
Specific Gravity |C;. C. = ... ... ... -9125 
Saponification value = ... ... ... 187-2 
Iodine value ... ... ... ... ... 80-0 
Begins to deposit crystals at ... ... ... 8° to 10° C. 
Specific temperature reaction ... ... H0-7° 
After separation of the “ stearine ” the liipiid portion of this oil is used as a lubricator 
for delicate machinery (watches, etc.), by I'eason of its very slight liability to turn rancid on 
exposure. 
SUD.VN (il'MS 
llashnb gum 
from Acacia 
verck 
Visit to 
Kordofan 
gum forests 
The principal gum exported by the Sudan is that from the Jran/'a rerolx, which is 
found chiefly in the Kordofan Province, though more or less extensive forests of the 
tree exist in the Gezira district (the land lying between the Blue and White Niles) 
and near Gedaref. The tree is known locally as the “hashab,” and is said to be 
identical with the AcAicia seyiegal from which Senegal gum is derived. 
Since the report of 1906 was published, one has had an opportunity to visit the 
Kordofan gum forests and make a few observations as to the methods of working carried 
out by the natives. These differ in certain particulars from those noted by IMuriel,’ 
and a few notes on the subject may not be out of place. 
There is perlnijis no industry more poorly paid than gum collection, as at present 
‘‘ Report on the Forests of the Siuhiii,” C. E. "Muriel, 1901. 
