TEYPAN'OSOMIASIS IX THE ANGLO-EGYrTIAN SUDAX 115 



successive passages tlirougli animals, tliat I liave bci'ii able to study the parasites tif tlie 

 disease in nuiles. The cow from Blelnt was also brought to Khartoum, and will be again 

 mentioned in due course. At Taufikia, a monkey [Cercojiifliefiis sd/iaits), a bat. and a black 

 and white crow were examined, with negative results. 



Out of three sparrow-like birds examined, two showed halteridia in the blood. 



It is difficult to base any conclusions on such limited observations. The trypanosomiasis 

 of cattle is a chronic disease* to all appearance, and it will be some time before its prevalence 

 is correctly gauged. In eqnines the malady appears to be common in the Bahr-El-Ghazal, 

 where G. mnrsitaiis is found, and probably exists to a considerable extent on the Upper 

 Sobat, wdiere, as stated, it is quite possible that (t. longlpcnnix exists. On the mules at 

 Taufikia large numbers of a species of Stomxvya were found, biting fiercely, specially in the 

 evenings. No opportunity of properly examining these flies was afforded. In one, which 

 was dissected, no trypanosomes were found, but several hours had elapsed before its stomach 

 contents were examined. One may here refer to human trypanosomiasis which so far has 

 not been encountered within the confines of the Sudan,* though, as previously noticed, 

 Dr. Neavef found Leishman-Donovan bodies in the spleen of a boy coming from Meshra, 

 in the Bahr-El-Ghazal. This is of especial interest in the light of the subsequent discovery of 

 G. paljialis in the Bahr-El-Ghazal province and the Lado Enclave, albeit Meshra is hundreds 

 of miles away from these infected regions, and the relationship of Leishman-Donovan bodies 

 to trypanosomes has not yet been definitely settled. At Taufikia I found that the Sudanese 

 battalion was being recruited to some extent from Uganda, and discovered that twelve 

 men had come from Kampala, close to Entebbe, a centre of the disease. Some of these 

 men exhibited enlarged cervical glands. They were tested by blood examinations, glanil 

 puncture and, in one specially suspicious case, inoculation into a monkey [Crrcopithccna), 

 but with wholly negative results. Later they were sent for observation to Khartoum, 

 and were re-examined, but no trypanosomes were found. The presence of these men at 

 Taufikia, however, served to draw attention to what was undoubtedly a source of danger. 

 Recruiting from Uganda was at once abolished by order of the then Principal Bledical 

 Officer, Colonel Penton. 



Captain GreigJ has shown that the country immediately south of Gondokoro is not of 

 the kind likely to harbour G palpalii, but later information has been obtained by Dr. Neave 

 and is included in his report, together with his own observations on the Tapper White Nile 

 and between Shambe, Eunbek, Tong and Meshra-El-Rek. 



II. Thr Diseaac in Cattle. — Cattle trvpansomiasis has been studied at Khartoum, Melnt, t,, ,. 



• J- ' ' 1 he disease in 



and Taufikia. The disease appears to be of a chronic nature, the principal symptoms being cattle 

 extreme anaemia, especially visible in the blanched, glistening conjunctival surface ; weakness, 

 emaciation, ninning from the nose, and, occasionally, dribbling of uriue. The last condition 



, , , . . Symptoms 



IS probably dependent on muscular weakness. Fig. 63 gives a good idea of an animal 

 suffering from the disease. Notice the dull, listless, half-closed, and sleepy eye, the prominent 

 ribs and hip bones, and, what is rather constant, the atrophic line in the shoulder hump. In 

 the later stages the head is held low, and towards the end there is complete collapse, the 

 animal lying down and refusing to rise, the skin cold, the coat roughened, urine and 

 faeces passed involuntarily, and the respirations noisy and rapid. At this stage the animal 



* It is important to note that Todd mentions the occurrence of a case of Sleeping Sickness in the Lado 

 Enclave. Thompson Yates and Johnston Labor.itories Report Vol. VI., New Series, Part II., Liverpool, 1906. 

 t Brit. Mod. Jour., London, Vol. I., 1904, May iSth, p. 1252. 

 X Lancet, London, Vol, I.. 19li5, Fcl). 25th, p. 5-34. 



