TRYPANOSOMIASIS IN THE ANGLO-EGYPTIAN SUDAN 125 



I appi-'iiil a very average set of measurements : — 



Prom posterior Gud to centrosome ... ... ... ... .. .. 2'8 /ii 



From ceutrosome to imclous ... ... ... ... ... ... 7 ^ 



Nucleus 2-8 /i 



From nucleus to root of tiagcllum .. . ... ... ... ... ... 4'2 u 



Flagellum 6 to 10 ^ 



There is much variation amongst these long forms, but as a general rule the flagella 

 stain admirably, and complete uieasurements can easilv be made. Here are the figures for 

 one of the short forms of a total length of l-i n, in which the nucleus was at the junction of 

 the posterior and middle third : — 



Prom posterior end to centrosome ... ... ... ... ... ... lifJ- 



Prom centrosome to nucleus ... ... ... ... ... ... 14 /j 



Nucleus 'IS n (large) 



From nucleus to root of flagellum ... ... 7 /^< 



Flagellum 14 f 



I have found short forms to vary in length from 12 /j to 15'4 /<, and in breadth from 

 1-4 /. to 2-5 fi. 



As Professor Laveran points out in T. dimorphtm, the trypanosome of horses in 

 Senegambia there also exist two forms, a long and a short. He asks if this and the mule 

 trypanosomes are identical. He regards it as possible, but mentions the fact that, while the 

 short forms of the mule trypanosome resemble the short forms of T. dimorphiim, the long 

 forms of the former differ a little from those of the latter, mainly as regards the flagella 

 which, as a rule, are short in T. dinwrplmm. He adds, however, that variations occur and 

 that Button and Todd* have described free flagella in the largo form of T.dhniii'phimi. Not 

 only are they described, but they are figured both in photo-micrographs and coloured plates, 

 and I must say tliat my first impression was that I was dealing with T. dhnorphum or some- 

 thing very like it. To my mind the long forms more resembled the long forms of 

 T. d'tmorphum than they did T. Kvansi, but then my comparisons were made from photographs 

 and coloured drawings. Laveran goes on to advance another hypothesis, namely, that the 

 mules may have been infected with two different species of trypanosome, and he cites the 

 work of Cazalbouf who in the French Soudan found horses to be the victims of a double 

 infection. 



There seems no reason why this might not occur, and as regards the short forms one 

 at once thhiks of T. nitiuim, as the mules had come from the Itang district along with the 

 herd of cattle, amongst which was the cow harbouring those flagellates. This cow aborted 

 and died as already described. 



In order to try and settle this vexed question and to enable one to test certain 

 therapeutic measures animal inoculations have been conducted. 



As mentioned, a Shilluk dog, whose blood was previously tested and found normal, 

 was inoculated from one of the mules at Taufikia, receiving 4 c.c. of undiluted blood 

 subcntaneously. It was brought at once to Khartoum, where a fly-proof animal house has 

 been erected, and there it developed trypanosomiasis, the parasites appearing in the blood 

 after an incubation period of about seven days. 



From this dog, whose blood exhibited the same state of things as was fouml in the mule, 

 various passages of the parasites have been made. Those performed up to the present time 



* First Report of the Trypanosomiasis Expedition to Senegambia, 1902, Liverpool, 1903. 

 t Rec. de Med. Vet., Paris, 1904, Oct. 15th. 



