loO TIIYI'ANOSOMIASIS IN THK ANGLO-EQYPTIAN SUDAN 



forms mentioned by Dutton iiud To(l<l. I may also have mistaken altered and dividing long 

 forms for short forms in process of division. Dutton and Todd state that they never 

 witnessed their stumpy forms undergoing fission.* 



At the same time I have certainly seen in crowded slides what I should call intermediate 

 forms, another point of resemblance between their T. tlimor/i/nim ami the trypanosomes of 

 mules. I have, however, never st'en the faintly staining hyaline form they describe, nor 

 have I met with the ' tadpole forms " they describe in rats and mice. This may be because I 

 have not employed the same kind cif iiiiinials as thev did. However, in the case of Monkey 

 No. 4 when undergoing the .•^cruiii treatment, I saw small forms whii-h eertainlv answered 

 very closely to their description of the "tadpole" forms. (I'late XIV., Fig. >.) Indeed, 

 their "tadpole" form is not at all unlike the 7'. namnn of cattle, save that it has a longer 

 rtagellum. Occasionally, and more especially in blood smears from internal organs, I have 

 .seen the round forms figured in their colduml plate and which may be altered female 

 trypanosomes, macrogametes. 



On the whole then, from a niorjiliological staiulpoiiit. llir mule trypanosomes approximate 

 very closely to the disiriptiiiii uf 7'. diinorpluiin given by Dutton and Todd. 



Let us see how they fare when compared with the account given by Laveran and Mesnil. 

 These observers did not see a long free Hagellum in the long forms of T. (liiiior/i/iuin. I 

 have alreaily (juoted Professor Laveran on this point. They never observed the "tadpole " 

 forms, nor the pale hyaline variety. The French savants state that the undulating 

 membrane is never vtry will developed, and that in tiie short forms it is united very closely 

 to the body, pro[ierly so-called. In the trypanosonie of mules, as found in the blood of 

 experimental animals, the undulating membrane is often very well niark( d. and. as has been 

 pointed out. is frcipicntiv " bunciuil " on tiic ImkIv of a sliort fnriii in a wav which reminds 

 one of what is found in tiic Irypaiiosonies of lisli and reptiles, though it is never extremely 

 prominent save in involution forms. 



The French authorities do not recognise liiu intermediate forms ami state that 

 granulations are rare. 



There is, however, nothing in their observations wiiicli woui<i lead one to declare that 

 the trypanosonie of mules is not 7'. ilinior/i/iiiin. It is well known that in different animals 

 the same trypanosome may present very differeut aspects, an<i if some variation can be ailmitted 

 as regards Hagella it can also be admitteil for the undulating membrane and the presence of 

 chronnitin granules. Further, at clit^Vrcnt stages of the disease dif1\ rent appearances are 

 exhibited, and it is only recently that attention lias been directed to the existence of tisexual 

 and sexual forms. 

 ,. As regards the parasites of Surra, the long forms in mules eertainlv resemble 7'. /■A-aimi. 



Comparison o i o 



with T. Kv.insi It would Seem that the latter is more mobile, frequently traversing the field of the microscope, 

 but little can be based on such an observation. 



If the long form be '/'. h'van.ii, what is the short form ? One naturally thinks of 

 T. luvium, the cattle trypanosome found in the same regions, but from a morphological 

 standpoint I do not think the two are iilentical. The ipiestion could onlv lie satisfactorily 

 settled by inoculation of the mule trypanosomes into cattle, and so far I have neither had 



* It is pomiblc in both castes thnt these short forms really represent feninlc trvpanosomcs, while two forms of 

 loni; p-ira^ite m.-ty exist, an asoiual form whirh iiiidergoes longitudinal division and a male scxnal form, a 

 mirroirnmeto, represented by slender trypanosomes with a hyaline rytoplasm and very long Hagella. 



