166 



TRYPANOSOMIASIS IN THE ANGLO-EGYPTIAN SUDAN 



The blood- 

 serum of big 

 game as a 

 mctho<l uf 

 trentmeni 



c-uiulitiuiis. 'I'lic tcinpcnif lire of tlic iiionkfV, wliicli was taken daily, appeared to bear no 

 reference to the miinber of trypimosomes present in the periplieral circuhition. 



TisKATMKNT WITH Bi.ooD Skuum. — Dr. Sheftield Neiive un arrival at Khartoum 

 infonneil nie that he was anxious to test the thc-rapeiitic efl'eet of the hluod-seruMi of wild 

 animals from trypauosome iiifeeted districts on experimental animals inoculated with 

 trypanosomiasis. He liad prepared a special apparatus for collecting blood and permission 

 was obtained from H.E. The Governor General to shoot some of the more common buck for 

 till' purpose of obtaining their blood serum. 



It was not long before Dr. Neavc sent lue a sample uf Liluuil serum from a water-buck 

 (Cofiii.1 tle/asxa), free of trypanosomes, shot on January 27th. The serum arrived in good 

 condition, a small quantity of carbolic acid having been added to it as a preservative. 



I proceeded to test it in vitro and found that added in ei|ual quantities to eitrated blood 

 containing the trypanosomes of mules, it caused agglutination in the form of irregular 

 rosettes, the motility of the trypanosomes making up the rosettes remaining. After 30 

 minutes there was marked agglutination. Disintegration and death of the parasites also 

 occurred. 1 was unable to employ the serum until JIarch IHth when it was used in 



Exp. lU. Jlonkey 3. Marcli ISl/i. Animal very ill. Blood swarming with trypan- 

 osomes. 1 c.c. blood serum injected subcutaneously. 



Miin-li 18</t. Monkey suffering from s|}iisti<ity and trniiurs, Collapsed. Reflexes 

 increased. 



Eyes fixed, no strabismus or face twitching. Hamstrings retracted. Jjluud showed 

 conjugating '. (possibly dividing) and agglutinating forms, the agglutination masses being 

 small. 2 c.c. serum given. The trypanosomes thereafter underwent disintegration. In 

 many cases, on staining, nothing was to be seen except the centrosomes with flagella 

 attached. Involution forms were also present. Two hours thereafter there was a general 

 increase of the spasms and the animal was chloroformed. 



The post-mortem findings have already been detailed to some extent (p. 137/ In 

 smears made from the splenic pulp strangely altered forms were found, some, probably young 

 resistant forms, approaching very closely to the Leishman bodies in appearance, but the short 

 chromatin rods were not found in any of them. Some were clearly dead or degenerated forms. 



Exp. 14. Gerbil 2. .Unrch 20l/i. Blood swarming. Animal wuiiderfully healthy in 

 appearance. Weight 29 grains. 



5 minims serum of water-buck injected subcutaneously. 



Miinh 21SI. 5 111. given. Slight agglutination noted. 



.\fnrch 22iitl. 5 111. given. Both fcjrius present. Sluggish. Many soon became 

 motionless. After the inoculation a ninarkable agglutination and breaking down of 

 trypanosomes occurred. 



.)fiirc/t 2'^ril. Gerbil looked thinner. Not so well. In fresh film many motionless 

 forms found. Disintegrated forms not so marked in stained specimen. 10 m. given. 



March 23;v/. Found dead. In the heart's blood curious spherical forms, some showing 

 marked vacuolation, were found. The same were present in smears from the liver. 



Exp. 17. Monkey 4. April ith. Blood full of trypanosomes. Both forms well 

 marked. 



April 5tfi. 1 c.c. serum of water-buck injected subcutaneously. 



April 6lh. 15 c.c. given. No change in blood. 



April 1th. 2 c.c. given. 



