198 



KKl'DKT OK TUAVKI,l,IN(i TATHOliOGIST 



uf rt'i'ortl, si'i'ing tliul \]\r liff-historv "f try|iiiiiosoinHtii is unknowii. It will lie rciiicmbered 

 tlmt Lingiml has infi'tteil ii horse by introducing trypanosoines into tin- ulimentary canal, 

 ami it is ilirtii-ult to sec how tish can l)c otherwise infected.* 



The tryjmnosonu's found in tlie mule appear to be 7'. iliiiiDr/i/ium both long and 

 short forms being found, and a trypanosome resembling 7'. nuniiiii. As these will be described 

 by Dr. Halfonr it is not necessary to give measurements, etc. 'Pile Mood of (3 mules 

 examined on board the steamer returning from Meshra-El-Kek from the war expedition 

 all contained the above in more or less quantity. The blood of a mule examined just 

 before death was crammed with them, four or live under tlie Held of ,'._," object glass with 

 No. 4 eye piece, being common. It was remarkable that many of the animals appeared to be 

 in good condition. 



Tryi)anosonies were found in two birds, viz., the common vulture of Egypt (Xeoj>/iroii 

 pfiviiofitenix), aiiil tlic red-breasted shrike ( L(iiii<irinK rmi'iitiiK) ; they appear to be exceedingly 

 sparse in the peripheral Muud uf these avians, and tiicre was no time to liu nxirc than examine 

 this. Thus I only discuvered two stained specinn^ns in vultures, thougli I iiave examined a 

 large number of slides from Id iliU'erent birds since my return. Tn the fresh, however, I saw 

 them in 4 birds. In the red-breasted shrike I only found one specimen in three birds shot, 

 and none in the fresh. 



Plate XVIII., e. and e". The vulture trypanosome (Xeojihron /it'rnioji/i-riix) measures : 

 Length, /iS to tiO^i. Greatest breadtli, 4 to 5^. 



Length of flagelluiii. K'/i. 

 Distance, centrosome to end. 7/(. 

 Nucleus, -ii X 4/i. 

 Corpuscles, 12 to 15^ X •"' to (i/i. 



The undulating membrane is only well marked in one of the two specimens found, and 

 assumes the regular crinkled shape common to Tri/pa nosoma avium. There is a vacuoloid 

 appearance in both specimens; that in Plate XVIIL e. bulging the blunter posterior eml, while 

 that in f. does not alter the shape of the outline. It is V shaped with a small tongue of 

 protoplasm projecting into the apex. The centrosome can only be seen in e'. and that very 

 indistinctlv. In e. there is another spot (circular) unstained, rather nearer the anterior than 

 the posterior end. The posterior end has a short flagellum 4/i in length. 



The specimen e' tapers from both ends, and the posterior appears to have a tiagellum as 

 Wei! as the anterior, some 6/* long. So difiFerent are these two organisms that it is a question 

 whether they are identical. It will be noticed that these measurements are greater than 

 those of the Tn/jiniiiisoiii'i ininiii previously described by others, but about the same as the 

 larger form described by Novy and McNeal, in the article referred to above. 



Plate XVIII. c. The red-breasted shrike ( Ldnuiriiis critentiix) is a black bird with a 

 red breast, about the size of the English blackbinl. It lives in the thickest bush it can find, 

 feeding on the ground below. Only one specimen of trypanosome was found, which 

 mciisures : 



Length, 28^. Greatest breadth, 'Sfi. 



Length of flagellum, lO/i. 

 Nucleus, ifi. 



* Snmbon, however, hax referred to flics feeding on Nile fish and Lavcran has suggested the infection of fish 

 by mean!* of the lice panutitic upon them. — (A. B.) 



