28 Stuart-Sutherland, Penguins. \ f' 



A. pcnuaiiti [low^irostris) (King Penguin). 



The names patagonka and Uingivostris arc sometimes given in 

 reversed order to the above. 



Pygoscelis. — This genus is included in the above by Profs. Watson 

 and Milne-Edwards. Bill moderate both in length and 

 stoutness ; lower" mandible more or less feathered ; tail 

 moderate, of 12 to 16 feathers ; upper tail coverts short. 

 Antarctic Seas. 

 P. adelice. Adelie-Land Penguin (Black-throated Penguin of 

 Bruce). 



P. papiia (tivniata). Gentoo or Gentu Penguin (Johnny). 

 P. antarctica. Ringed Penguin (most agile of all the Penguins ; 

 sometimes mistaken for a young adelicB). 



Catayrhactes. — Bill moderately long, very stout, sides of the upper 



mandible much swollen near the base ; tail long, of 14 or 



16 feathers ; upper tail coverts moderate to short. 



Southern oceans. 



r. pachyrhynchiis. Thick-billed Penguin {Endyptes pachy- 



rhynchiis, Buller. Crested, Tufted, or Victoria Penguin. 



Tawhaki). 



C. chrysoconie. Yellow-crested Penguin (/:. chrysocoma, Buller ; 

 E. chrysolopha, Brandt ; Tufted Rock-hopper or Jackass Penguin). 

 The above is found on most islands of the Southern Ocean, but 

 principally at the Snares, Auckland, Campbell, and Macquarie 

 Islands ; but the following {C. sdateri) is confined to Bounty and 

 Antipodes Islands. 



C. sclateri. Crested Penguin (sub-species). 



C. schlegeli. Royal Penguin {E. schlcgeli, Buller ; Grand or 

 Yellow-crowned Penguin. Mistaken for Megadyptes antipodum). 

 C. filholi. Campbell Island Penguin (a little-known variety). 

 C. vittata. Southern Penguin {Endyptes vittata, Finsch, who says : 

 — " If, indeed a true Endyptes, is easily distinguished from all 

 other members of the Penguin group by its broad white super- 

 ciliary streak, which runs from the base of bill to the back of 

 head, but which does not consist of elongated feathers"). 



C. atrata. Listed as a distinct species by Buller, but now 

 considered a melanistic form of the above, although Prof. Evans 

 (" Cambridge Natural History," vol. ix.) states, in his opinion, of 

 Eitdyptes pachyrhynchiis. 



Megadyptes. — Bill moderately long, not so stout as in Catarrhactes, 



swelling at base of upper mandible hardly noticeable ; tail 



moderate, of 20 feathers. South Island of New Zealand. 



M. antipodum. Yellow-eyed Penguin {Eitdyptes diadematiis, 



Gould ; E. antipodum, BuUer ; recorded from Kerguelen by Saunders 



as E. saltator ; " Hoiho " of the Maoris). 



Endyptula. — Bill short and stout, nostrils rounded, placed in 

 middle of bill; tail very short, almost wholly concealed by 

 upper tail coverts. New Zealand,. Tasmania, South Aus- 

 tralia. 



