14 BULLETIN OF THE NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY. 



8uch is the outline which Dr. Gesner gives of the geology of 

 southern New Brunswick; and this his various journeyings 

 during the first three years that he was engaged on the survey 

 of New Brunswick served to complete and extend. His fourth 

 year's work took him beyond the district covered by this outline 

 and in his fifth 3'ear he was engaged in exploring the wild lands 

 and thinly settled districts in the northern pai't of the Province. 



Dr. Gesner began his exploration in Charlotte County by 

 making an examination of the St. Croix river and the islands off 

 the coast of that county. On the river he found two mineral 

 springs, of one of which, at vSt. Stephen, he gives an analysis; on 

 the islands he found indications of various metals, at Campo- 

 Ijello veins of galena, in the bold trap cliffs of Grand Manan, 

 zeolites and other minerals similar to those of the traps of the 

 Xorth mountains in Nova Scotia ; a remarkable discovery here 

 was that of an extensive tract of sunken gi'ound off the south- 

 eastern coast of the island, where the anchors of vessels become 

 f ntangled in the roots of trees imbedded in the bottom of the 

 sea near the shores.* 



At Lepreau he found the coal formation with coal-measures 

 containing various fossils, some of which were like those of the 

 fir tribe, others Avere ferns, and others stigmari;e. The coal 

 basin, however, was of very limited extent, as it was found to 

 terminate aliout three miles inland. Further along the coast, at 

 Musquash, he found verd-anti<;[ue maible and alum slates. 



Dr. Gesner now made traverses of the interior for the purpose 

 t)f tibtaining a knowledge of the strata on both sides cif the 

 granite axis of the Nerepis hills. He first passed across the 

 granite lidge by way of the Nerepis road as fai- as Oromocto, 

 and then made a traverse further west along the Magaguadavic 

 and Oromocto rivers to the same point, intersecting the meta- 

 morphic and igneous rocks, and a partof the central Carl)oniferous 

 area of the province. Tn these traverses he discovered some iron 

 ore, roofing slates and a granite quarry. During these journeys 

 he had excellent opportunities of observing the southwaid move- 



* First Rep. p 40. 



