IG BULLETIN OF THE NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY. 



investigators since then. His work was so far advanced that he 

 now prepared a geological map of this southern part of the 

 province, the first that had been made. This map, which has 

 never been published, is now in the hands of the Natural 

 History Society of New Brunswick, and is complete for the 

 work of these three seasons.* 



In the first report, Dr. Gesner had announced the occurrence 

 of Carboniferous limestone and Old Red sandstone among the 

 " secondary " I'ocks north of the granites, and now in this third 

 report gives a somewhat extended account of raised beaches and 

 estuarine deposits. These raised beaches with their shells he 

 refers to the Netver Pliocene of Sir Chas. Lyell. 



Following this is an account of the Westmorland coal field 

 and of the New Red sandstone of Westmorland and Kings coun- 

 ties ; the minerals of the latter formation are said to be lead, 

 iron, gypsum and rock salt. It is probable that if Dr. Gesner 

 had worked long enough in this "New Red sandstone" tract, he 

 would have referred it to the Carboniferous System, as he subse- 

 quently did that of Nova Scotia, similarly characterized by 

 gypsum and salt springs. Dr. Gesner observed several valleys 

 of denudation in this district. The report closes with an 

 account of the Grand Lake coal field and of the alluvium of the 

 St. John river. 



In this report it will be observed that Dr. Gesner had njade 

 an advance in his knowledge of the " transition " rocks in the 

 southern part of the province, for while he had previously spoken 

 of the Graywacke as one system, he now finds that there are two. 

 One he calls the upper, or newer, having found it to rest uncon- 

 formably on the other-, and to be characterized by the remains of 

 marine shells and land plants. The older Graywacke did not 

 contain organic remains. A figure is given of one of the mol- 

 luscous animals of the newer Graywacke (which he compares to 

 the SUin-liiii of Mr. Mui'chison) and as Dr. Gesner mentions 



*An amended copy is on file in the Crowii Lands Office at Fredericton. See 

 description of the orgiual map on a later page. 

 ' They are now regarded as Post-Pliocene. 



