RECENT DISCOVERIES IN IHE ST JOHN GROUP. 43 



from a common stock which at once pass to different genera, one some- 

 what closely like an Olenus, the other diverging from a Pychoparian 

 ancestor into the resembling genus Anomocare. 



Other points of less moment have been noted in reference to the 

 Cambrian faunas of the Kennebecasis valley; thus two of the thirteen 

 species of trilobites of the Protolenus Fauna were found in olive-grey 

 sandstones in this valley, and two new Ostracods were also obtained 

 from the same beds. A very interesting Brachiopod from these sand- 

 stones was that which is referred to on an earlier page as passing 

 during its growth from the condition of a Schizambon to that of a 

 Siphonotreta. 



Though since their deposition the Cambrian beds of this valley 

 have suffered great disturbance and enormous denudation, and what 

 remains of them are now to a great extent covered by the lake-like 

 expansion of the Kennebecasis River, "or concealed by sediments of 

 Lower Carboniferous age, enough remains exposed to throw consider- 

 able light on their sedimentation and palaeontology. 



Upturnings and Dislocations of the Cambrian Beds. — The sharp folds into 

 which the strata of the St. John basin were thrown have been described in 

 Volume VIII of the Transactions of the Royal Society of Canada, pages 125 

 to 128, and displacements along faults of a high hade, of hundreds of feet. 

 Horizontal displacement has also been shown by the result of well borings in the 

 city of St. John and its neighborhood ; the most remarkable are those that 

 have come to light through borings in the upper (Bretonian) division. At 

 Jones' Brewery on Union Street, a boring was put down to a depth of 385 feet, 

 in what appeared to be a deep narrow trough of black shales, having an overturned 

 dip of about 70 degrees. Theoretically, this bore should have been continuously 

 in the black shales of this division, but at the depth of 317 feet the flag-stones 

 of Division 2 were struck ; these flags at the surface are about 300 feet to the 

 N. W., hence there would appear to be a horizontal overthrust of the black 

 slates on the flagstones to the extent of about 280 feet. 



Similarly on the eastern side of Courtney Bay at the Almshouse, hard grey 

 flags were encountered in a well sunk in the black slates at a depth of 700 feet 

 and penetrated for 55 feet. Here the dip of the beds is about the same'as in 

 the city and the grey flags of Division 2 (Johnannian) appear at the surface 

 about 500 feet to the N. N. W. ; hence there would appear to be an overthrust 

 here of about 460 feet. 



A force operating from the same direction as that which produces these 

 old conditions of overthrust strata, is in operation on a milder scale at the 

 present day, for by reference to No. 12 of this Bulletin, page 34, it will be seen 

 that since the Glacial Epoch there has been dislocation of the strata of the St. 

 John Group whose phenomena show thrusting from a S. E. direction. The 

 old displacements, however, are on a gigantic scale compared with these. 



