94 BULLETIN OF THE NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY. 



All these streams have areas of marsh or bog lands along the 

 greater part of their courses. The largest bodies now in cultivation 

 are along the Tantramar, the most northerly of the group. The 

 relative position of the rivers can be best seen from the accompanying 

 map, but a few words of description are necessary for those who are 

 not familiar with the country. 



The Tantramar and Aulac now into the Basin by one mouth. 

 Some three miles up the Tantramar is the village of Sackville. The 

 river, with its numerous windings is about twenty miles long. Some 

 eight miles from the mouth the stream divides, one branch coming 

 from Cookville on the north, and the other flowing down the marsh 

 from the north-east. 



The Aulac is not separated from the Tantramar by a ridge of 

 highland, as is usually the case with the marsh rivers. About five 

 miles from the mouth, the Aulac branches, one branch, La Coup 

 flowing down from the Jolicure Lakes to the north of Jolicure, the 

 other branch coming down between Jolicure Point and the Aulac 

 ridge. 



The Missiguash River flows almost parallel with the Aulac, from 

 which it is separated by a high ridge of millstone grit, called the 

 Aulac or Point de Bute Ridge. This river is not more than twelve 

 miles long, and the upper part of its course is lost in a maze of lakes 

 and bog. Along its lower course it forms the boundary between the 

 two provinces, New Brunswick and Nova Scotia. 



At the same mouth by which the Missiguash enters the Basin, the 

 La Planche finds its way to the sea. The lower courses of the rivers 

 are separated by Fort Lawrence Ridge. This ridge is not so high as 

 that on the north of the Missiguash, and it is overlaid with Permo- 

 Carboniferous rocks. The lakes and bogs of these two streams unite 

 at their sources. The town of Amherst is south-east of the mouth of 

 the La Planche, beyond this the Basin takes a sudden turn to the 

 south, and terminates in the mouth of the River Hebert. 



Surface Geology. — The Esthmus is overlaid with Permo-Carbon 

 iferous rocks, with the exception of the Aulac Ridge with its continu- 

 ation across the mouth of the Aulac and the Tantramar to Westcock. 

 This strip is Millstone Grit. 



The marsh mud is from one to one hundred and fifty feet deep, 

 and is underlaid with Permo-Carboniferous shales and sandstones. 

 These shales are covered in many places with heavy red clay similar 

 to that found on the Aulac and Fort Lawrence ridges. The marsh 



