146 RULLETIN OF THE NATURAL HISTOHY SOCIETY. 



uniform temperature, horizontal fissures should be formed, that would 

 serve as reservoirs for water from the surface, and a means of trans- 

 mitting the water from place to place horizontally. 



So far we have no support for this theory from the phenomena of 

 the deep wells sunk near St. John, unless the horizontal fissures are 

 deeper than Nordenskjold found them to be in Finland. Of the 

 wells near St. John that have given a generous supply of water, two, 

 to the north of the harbor, draw their supply from a depth of 270 

 feet, and three to the east, from nearly four hundred feet in depth. 

 It is true that owing to the greater extremes of winter and summer 

 temperature, the anticipated horizontal fissures might be looked for at 

 a somewhat greater depth here, than in Europe, but certainly not at 

 such a depth as the water veins in the rocks near St. John are found 

 to be. It is probable, therefore, that some other cause has been active 

 in permitting the water to sink to these greater depths. 



Explanation of the Tabular List of Wells. 



Nos. 1 to 3 are entirely in the surface deposits. Nos. 4 to 8 are 

 in the Carboniferous basin along the Gulf of St. Lawrence. Nos. 9 

 to 13 are in the Lower Carboniferous rocks of the Kennebecasis valley. 

 Nos. 14 to 16 are deep wells ; the first two are bored in Lower Car- 

 boniferous rocks, and, except No. 16, are supposed to penetrate such 

 rocks only. Nos. 17 to 28 are fissure wells; except the first three 

 they are all in the vicinity of St. John, or in the city itself. 



" Date," refers to the year in which the well was bored. 



" Depth," that of the well, in feet. 



" Bore," diameter of the main portion, in inches. 



" Pressure," indicates the height of the water in the well, in feet ; 

 the minus mark ( — ) indicates that it is below the surface, the plus 

 mark ( + ) that it rises above it. 



" Flow," indicates the number of gallons discharged by the well 

 per hour. 



"Temperature," was taken with the Fahrenheit thermometer. 



" Water veins," the figures indicate the level in feet below the 

 surface where the water enters the well. 



" Height," this is in feel above sea level at high tide, except Sus- 

 sex Vale, where it is reckoned from mean tide level. 



" Kind of rock," the thicknesses ace in feet, and the upper layers 

 are mentioned first. 



