a 



i8 DICTIONARY OF BIRDS 



his Ornithologia Borealis, a compendious sketcli of the Birds of all the 

 countries then subject to the Danish crown. At the same place appeared 

 in 1767 Leem's work De La-pponibus Finmarchise, to which Gunnerus 

 contributed gome good notes on the Ornithology of Northern Norway, 

 and at Copenhagen and Leipzig was published in 1780 the Fauna 

 Groenlandica of Otho Fabricius. 



Of strictly American origin can here be cited only Bartram's Travels 

 through North and South Carolina and Barton's Fragments of the Natural 

 History of Pennsylvania} both printed at Philadelphia, one in 1791, the 

 other in 1799 ; but J. R. Forster published a Catalogue of the Animals 

 of North America in London in 1771, and the following year described in 

 the Philosophical Transactions a few Birds from Hudson's Bay.^ A 

 greater undertaking was Pennant's Arctic Zoology, published in 1785, 

 with a supplement in 1787. The scope of this work was originally 

 intended to be limited to North America, but circumstances induced him 

 to include all the species of Northern Europe and Northern Asia, and 

 though not free from errors, it is a praiseworthy performance. A second 

 edition appeared in 1792. The Ornithology of Britain naturally demands 

 greater attention. The earliest list of British Birds we possess is, aa 

 already stated, that in Merrett's Pinax Rerum Naturalium Britannicarum, 

 printed in London in 1666.^ In 1677 Plot published his Natural History 

 of Oxfordshire, which reached a second edition in 1705, and in 1686 that 

 of Staffordshire. A similar work on Lancashire, Cheshire and the Peak was 

 sent out in 1700 by Leigh, and one on Cornwall by Borlase in 1758 — 

 all these four being printed at Oxford. In 1766 appeared Pennant's 

 British Zoology, a well-illustrated folio, of which a second edition in octavo 

 was published in 1768, and considerable additions (forming the nominally 

 third edition) in 1770, while in 1777 there were two issues, one in octavo 

 the other in quarto, each called the fourth edition. In 1812, long after 

 the author's death, another edition was printed, of which his son-in-law 

 Hanmer was the reputed editor, but he received much assistance from 

 Latham, and through carelessness many of the additions herein made have 

 often been ascribed to Pennant himself. In 1769 Berkenhout gave to the 

 world his Outlines of the Natural History of Great Britain and Ireland, which 

 reappeared under the title of Synopsis of the same in 1795. Tunstall's 

 Ornithologia Britannica, which was issued in 1771, is little more than a 

 list of names.* Hayes's Natural History of British Birds, a folio of forty 

 plates and corresponding text, shewing much ignorance of them on the 

 part of the author, appeared between 1771 and 1775. In 1781 Nash's 



^ This rare book has been reprinted by the Willughby Society. 



2 Both of these treatises have also been reprinted by the Willughby Society. 



* In 1667 there were two issues of a reprint of this book ; one, nominally a second 

 edition, only differs from the other in having a new title-page. In anticipation of a 

 revised edition Sir Thomas Browne prepared in or about 1671 (?) his "Account of 

 Birds found in Norfolk," of which the draught, now in the British Museum, was 

 printed in his collected works by Wilkin in 1835. If a fair copy was ever made its 

 resting-place is unknown. 



•* It has been republished by the Willughby Society. Of similar character is 

 Fothergill's OrnWwlogia Britannica, a a^ere list of names, Latin and English, printed 

 in small folio at York in 1799. 



