j8 DICTION AR V OF BIRDS 



of Richardson and Swainson have already been noticed ; but they need 

 naming here, as also does Nuttall's Manual of the Ornithology of the United 

 States and of Canada (2 vols. 1832-34 ; vol. i. ed. 2, 1840); the Birds 

 of Long Island (Svo, 1844) by Giraud, remarkable for its excellent 

 account of the habits of shore-birds ; and of course the Birds of North 

 America (4to, 1858) by Baird, with the co-operation of Cassin and 

 Lawrence, which originally formed a volume (ix.) of what are known 

 as the " Pacific Railroad Reports." Apart from these special works the 

 scientific journals of Boston, New York, Philadelphia and Washington 

 contain innumerable papers on the Ornithology of the country, while in 

 1876 the Bulletin of the Nuttall Ornithological Club began to appear, and 

 continued until 1884, when it was superseded by The Auh, established 

 solely for the promotion of Ornithology in America, and numbering 

 among its supporters almost every American ornithologist of repute, its 

 present editors being Dr. Allen and Mr. F. M. Chapman. 



Of Canada, unfortunately, not much is to be said. It is hard to under- 

 stand why zoological studies have never found such favour there as further 

 to the southward, but this is undoubtedly the fact, and no ornithological 

 work can be cited of which the Dominion as a whole can be proud, 

 though Mr. M'llwraithe's Birds of Ontario, of which an enlarged edition 

 appeared in 1894, is a fair piece of local work. 



Returning to the Old World, among the countries whose Ornithology 

 will most interest British readers we have first Iceland, the fullest — 

 indeed the only full — account of the Birds of which is Faber's Prodromus 

 der islandischen Ornithologie (8vo, 1822), though the island has since been 

 visited by several good ornithologists, — Proctor, Kriiper and WoUey 

 among them. A list of its Birds, with some notes, bibliographical and 

 biological, has been given as an Appendix to Mr. Baring-Gould's Iceland, 

 its Scenes and Sagas (Svo, 1862) ; and Mr. Shepherd's North-west Peninsula 

 of Iceland (8vo, 1867) recounts a somewhat profitless expedition made 

 thither expressly for ornithological objects. ^ For the Birds of the Faeroes 

 there is Herr H. C. Miiller's Fseroernes Fuglefauna (Svo, 1862), of which 

 a German translation has ' appeared.^ The Ornithology of Norway has 

 been treated in a great many papers by Herr CoUett, some of which may 

 be said to have been separately published as Norges Fugle (Svo, 1868 ; 

 with a supplement, 1871), and TJie Ornithology of Northern Norway (Svo, 

 1872) — this last in English, while an English translation by Mr. A. H. 

 Cocks (London : 1894) has been published of one of the author's latest 

 works, a popular account of Bird-Life in Arctic Norway, communicated to 

 the Second International Congress of Ornithology in 1892. For Scandi- 

 navia generally the latest work is Herr Collin's Skandinaviens Fugle (Svo, 



1 Two papers by Messrs. Backhouse and W. E. Clarke, and Carter and Slater 

 {Ibis, 1885, p. 364 ; 1886, p. 45) should be consulted, as well as one by Messrs. H. 

 J. and C. E. Pearson {oj). cit. 1895, pp. 237-249), which gives a list of the species 

 hitherto recorded there. Herr Grondal has also a list and an ornithological report on 

 Iceland {Omis, 1886, pp. 355, 601), with a dissertation on birds' names (op. cit. 1887, 

 p. 587). 



2 Journ. fur Orn. 1869, pp. 107, 341, 381. One may almost say an English 

 translation also, for Col. Feilden's contribution to the Zoologist for 1872 on the same 

 subject gives the most essential part of HeiT Miiller's information. 



