40 DICTIONARY OF BIRDS 



lished at Florence between 1886 and 1891, in which the subject is treated 

 in the greatest detail, owing to the multitude of observers by whom the 

 author was assisted, with the result that Ornithology stands in Italy on a 

 footing different from that which it occupies in any other nation. But it 

 is pleasing to observe that this official recognition has not checked inde- 

 pendent work, and the number of local Italian faunas is far too great 

 to be here particularized.^ Coming to the Iberian peninsula, we must in 

 default of separate works depart from our rule of not mentioning contribu- 

 tions to journals, for of the former there are only Col. Irby's Ornithology 

 of the Straits of Gibraltar (8vo, 1875 ; ed. 2, 1895)2 and Mr. A. C. Smith's 

 Spring Tour in Portugal ^ to be named, and these but partially cover the 

 ground. However, Dr. A. E. Brehm has published a list of Spanish Birds 

 {Allgem. deutsclie Naturhist. Zeitung, iii. p. 431), and The Ibis contains 

 several excellent papers by Lord Lilford and Ijy Mr. Saunders, the latter 

 of whom there records (1871, p. 55) the few works on Ornithology by 

 Spanish authors, and in the Bulletin de la SociA^ Zoologique de France (i. 

 p. 315 ; ii. pp. 11, 89, 185) has given a list of the Spanish Birds known 

 to him.4 



Returning northwards, we have of the Birds of the whole of France, 

 apart from Western Europe, nothing of real importance more recent than 

 the Oiseaux in Vieillot's Faune Frangaise (8vo, 1822-29) ; but there is a 

 great number of local publications of which Mr. Saunders has furnished 

 (Zoologist, 1878, pp. 95-99) a catalogue. Some of these have appeared in 

 journals, but many have been issued separately. Those of most interest 

 to English ornithologists naturally refer to Britanny, Normandy and 

 Picardy, and are by Baillon, Benoist, Blandin, Bureau, Canivet, Chesnon, 

 Degland, Demarle, De Norguet, Gentil, Hardy, Lemetteil, Lemonnicier, 

 Lesauvage, Maignon, Marcotte, Nourry and Tasl^, while perhaps the Orni- 

 thologie Parisienne of M. Rene Paquet, under the pseudonym of N^rde 

 Qudpat, should also be named. Of the rest the most important are the 

 Ornithologie Provengale of Roux (2 vols. 4to, 1825-29) ; Risso's Histoire 

 naturelle . . . . des environs de Nice (5 vols. 8vo, 1826-27) ; the Orni- 

 thologie du Dauphin^ oi Bouteille. and Labatie (2 vols. 8vo, 1843-44) ; the 

 Ornithologie du Gard (8vo,U840) and Faune Meridionale of Crespon (2 vols. 

 Svo, 1844) ; the Ornithologie de la Savoie of Bailly (4 vols. 8vo, 1853-54), 

 and Les Bichesses ornithologiques du midi de la France (4to, 1859-61) of 

 MM. Jaubert and Barthelemy-Lapommeraye. For Belgium the Faune 

 Beige of Baron De Selys-Longchamps (8vo, 1842) long remained the 



^ A compendium of Greek and Turkish Ornithology by Drs. Kriiper and Hartlaub 

 is contained in Mommsen's Griechische Jahrzeiten for 1875 (Heft III.). For other 

 countries in the Levant there are Canon Tristram's Fauna and Flora of Palestine 

 (4to, 1884) and Capt. Shelley's Handbook to the Birds of Egypt (Svo, 1872). 



2 Mr. Abel Chapman's Wild Spain (London : 1893) contains a considerable 

 quantity of ornithological information, chiefly from the sportsman's point of view. 



^ In the final chapter of this work the author gives a list of Portuguese Birds, 

 including beside those observed by him those recorded by Prof. Barboza du Socage 

 in the Gazeta Medica de Lisboa, 1861, pp. 17-21. 



■* Certain papers published at Corunna by a Galician ornithologist require an 

 explanation (c/. Sherborn, Ann, <& Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 6, xiv. p. 154), which has 

 not and probably never will be given. 



