620 MUSKET-HAWK—NASAL GLANDS 



bular bar, extends as a ribbon to the hyoid bone, round which it 

 twists loosely ; and, being attached to its dorsal extremity, the con- 

 traction of the spiral surrounding the hyoid horns protrudes them 

 with great force, the extent of protrusion depending on their length. 

 This is greatest in Trochilidx and Picidx, in some of which they pass 

 round the head and reach forward to the nostrils. 



M. genio-glossus, a small protractor of the tongue, connecting the 

 OS enfoglossum with the chin, but often absent. 



3f. ceratoglossus, arising from the dorsal face of the ceratohyal, 

 inserted by a tendon laterally on the os entoglossum, which it draws 

 sideways or bends when acting jointly with its fellow. 



M. cerato-hyoideus, extending from the inner face of the ceratohyal 

 to the urohyal, but often absent. 



M. hypoglossus, extending from the ventral face of the body of 

 the tongue to the ventral or lateral face of the os entoglossum. 



MUSKET- or MUSQUET-HAWK (0. Fr. mousquet or mouchei), 

 an old name for the cock Sparrow- Hawk, seemingly given from its 

 comparatively small size (Fr. mouche, Lat. musca — a fly), and hence, 

 on the invention of fire-arms, applied to one which was smaller and 

 handier than the older match-lock. 



MUTTON-BIRD, a sailors' name for at least one species of 

 Shearwater, but especially for Puffinus brevicavda, presumably 

 because "the young are literally one mass of fat, which has a 

 tallowy appearance" (Gould, Handb. B. Austral, iii. p. 462). Mr. 

 Robert Elwes has given {Ibis, 1859, pp. 397-399) a remarkable 

 account of one of the most frequented breeding-places of this bird 

 on an island in Bass's Strait, which, it is to be feared, no longer 

 exists as such o^ving to the devastation wickedly carried on — nearly 

 60,000 breeding birds having been taken in a single season. 



N 



NANDU, from Mandu-gua^it, given by Marcgrave and Piso as 

 the Brazilian name of the Rhea, and occasionally used for that bird 

 by some English writers. 



NASAL GLANDS exist pairwise in almost all Birds, and their 

 tear-like secretion serves to moisten and cleanse the mucous lining 

 of the nasal cavities. Each gland has a duct opening into the 

 vestibulum of the nares below the nasal bone, and passing beneath 

 the lacrymal bone. These glands vary much in shape, size, position 

 and colour, in the last respect ranging from bluish-red to red and 



