r.EVIEW — TEOPICAL MEDICINE, ETC. 49 



Fearnside^ has a paper ou jail dysentery, and one may note two of his conclusions. Dysentery— 

 (1) Mud banks (sleeping places) should be abolished and plank beds substituted, as the continued 

 former are insanitary and apt to become septic. (2) Association wards should be done away 

 with and the cellular system introduced, as the segregation thereby obtained tends to check 

 the spread of infectious disease. 



O'Kinealy- points out the frequent association of oral sepsis, evidenced by bleeding and 

 unhealthy gums and jail dysentery and diarrhoea. He believes that careful attention to 

 prisoners' teeth and gums is very necessary. 



Matthews'" mentions an outbreak at Aden due to the inhalation of contaminated dust. 



NewelP classifies dysenteries as : (1) Catarrhal. (2) Acute, specific or bacillary. 

 (3) Amoebic. (4) Spirillary. (5) Mixed. (6) Chronic. This is useful, but takes no account of 

 fluxes due to the malarial parasites, Balantidium coli and Trichomonas.- "We know also that 

 there is a dysentery associated with kala-azar, and verminous dysentery forms a class by 

 itself. Newell also lays stress on the influence of wind-blown infected dust. 



Spirillary dysentery has been mentioned. Dantec''* made a clinical study of this form, 

 which is easily distinguished from the bacillary type by the absence of any temperature rise. 

 The liver is not affected, and the proper treatment, rapidly effectual, is by antiseptic enemata. 



I have seen one case of animal spirillary dysentery in the Sudan. It was found by 

 Captain Olver in a native dog belonging to myself. There was no rise of temperature, but 

 the stools were full of blood and mucus and the animal rapidly emaciated. 



Dopter" insists on the unity of bacillary dysentery. Under this term he would include 

 the so-called pseudo-dysenteries and dysenteries of infants and aliens. 



Gauducheau' reports that when trying to reproduce abscess of the liver in a dog by a 

 portal injection of pus from a human hepatic abscess he brought about a fatal amoeboid 

 dysentery. This is a matter of considerable interest. Indeed, from the post mortem 

 appearances in a case of multiple liver abscess which came under my notice, I suggested** 

 that, in some instances, hepatic abscess may precede a dysenteric affection of the large bowel. 



Vedder'* classifies the characteristics of the dysenteric and normal amoebae as follows : — 



Entamccba histolytica ( Dysenterice ) Entaimvha coli 



Size 

 25-30 microns (not a distinguishing feature) 10-20 microns 



Shape 

 Usually some other shape. Spherical when resting. 



Colour 

 Greenish. Opaque greyish. 



Protoplasm 

 Ectoplasm and entoplasm easily distinguished Ectoplasm and entoplasm distinguished 



with diificulty. 

 Ectoplasm very refractive. Ectoplasm not refractive. 



Ectoplasm finely granular. Ectoplasm homogeneous. 



Entoplasm coarsely granular. Entoplasm finely granular. 



» Peamside, C. P. (July, 1905), " Dysentery in the Prisons of Madras Presidency." Iiulian Medical Gazette. 

 p. 241, Vol. XL. 



^ O'Kinealy, P. (July, 1905), "The Relation of Oral Sepsis to Dysentery." Indian Medical Gazette, p. 250, 

 Vol. XL. i- J J ^f, 



' Matthews, E. A. (July, 1905), "The Etiology of Dysentery, with Notes on Treatment." Indian Medical 

 Gazette, p. 253, Vol. XL. 



" NeweU, A. Q. (July, 1905), "Dysentery: Its Varieties and Causes, Summarised and Criticised, with a 

 Note on Treatment and Prevention." Indian Medical Gazette, p. 257. 

 ' Dantec, "La Caducie." December 17th, 1904. 



" Dopter, C. (January 15th, 1906), "La Dysenteric BaciUaire, Discussion sur I'Unitd Specific." Bulletin 

 dc rinsliliU Pasteur, p. 49. 



' Gauducheau, A. (January 15th, 1906), "On Experimental Reproduction of .A.mcEbic Dysentery by 

 Intravenous Inoculation of Pus from a Hepatic Abscess." Journal of Tropical Medicine, p. 52, Vol. IX. 

 ' Balfour, A. (November 21st, 1903), " A Case of Multiple Liver Abscess." Lancet, p. 1425, Vol. II. 

 ' Vedder, E. B. (March 24th, 1906). Journal American Medical Association. 



• Article not consulted in the original. 



