REVIEW — TROPICAL MEDICINE, ETC. 223 



fuchsine, 1 gramme ; absolute alcohol, 10 c.c. and 10 c.c. of 5 per cent, aqueous solution of Veterinary 



carbolic acid gives good results. The cnjptococGiis grows with dii^culty in culture, and Diseases— 

 the growth is always slow and develops better in acid than alkaline media. Microscopically cuntiitnal 



the colonies consist of conglomerated masses of hyphfe. 



The incubation period of the disease is three weeks to three mouths, and the lesions 

 may occur on any part of the body, but are most frequently associated with those parts 

 exposed to wounds, kicks, contusions and harness galls. It commences as a small pustule 

 occurring at the seat of a pre-existing wound with knotting of the adjacent lymphatic vessels, 

 and later a long chain of nodules may be seen extending along the course of the lymphatics. 

 This is followed by pustules and abscess formation. The nasal mucous membrane may 

 become affected by papules or pimples developing into vesicles, and resulting in character- 

 istic ulcers with a raised edge and dug-out centre. The condition has to be diagnosed from 

 glanders, suppurative lymphangitis, botryomycosis, tubercle, lymphangitis and bursitis. The 

 mallein test is useful, and if a reaction occurs the conclusion is tliat epizootic lymphangitis 

 is complicated by the presence of glanders — probably chronic glanders of the lung. Glanders 

 and epizootic lymphangitis can occur together in the same animal. The treatment involves 

 itself into local, general and prophylactic, and consists in dissecting out the affected 

 lymphatic vessels, efficient cauterising of the wound, and the administration of corrosive 

 sublimate, half to one grain in solution. Prophylactic measures must be carried out in an 

 efficient manner, all infected cases isolated or destroyed and cremated, suspicious cases 

 isolated and kept under observation. Harness and saddlery used on infected cases should 

 be thoroughly disinfected with perchloride of mercury solution, 1 in 250, or else should be 

 burnt together with the grooming kit. Stables should be thoroughly disinfected. A shed 

 in which an outbreak has occurred should be considered infected until at least six 

 months have elapsed from the date on which the last case was discharged ; further, the 

 horses of the stud should be kept under observation for another six months. 



Under the name " Sarraja," epizootic lymphangitis is commonly met with in the Sudan, 

 especially amongst mules and horses. It has caused such serious loss that the Veterinary 

 Department have issued a special pamphlet regarding it. The disease appears to occur all 

 over the country. I have seen it both in the Northern and Southern Sudan. Captain 

 Olver thinks that it was introduced by animals from Abyssinia and informs me (A. B.) 

 that it is not so virulent as it was in England. He finds that in most cases early removal 

 of the affected tissues is an efficient mode of treatment. The most recent paper on the 

 subject is one by Pricolo, a translation of which will be found in the Journal of Tropical 

 Veferinari/ Srieuce for May, 1908. 



Pricolo' has recently made a useful contribution to the literature on this subject. 



Strani/les. Reference may be made to the etiology of this disease, which has 

 been worked at by Baruchello. His conclusions are that in complicated and simple forms 

 of strangles a staphylococcus associated with a streptococcus is found. 



Baruchello-* constantly found it in the morbid products or in the circulating blood in 

 very severe clinical eases, in septicaemic forms of strangles with complications, and in the 

 pleuro-pneumonia associated with strangles at all stages of the disease. 



His method of isolating these organisms from the blood consists in shaving and 

 careful disinfection of the skin over the jugular vein, which is transfixed by means of a 

 pipette, and the blood is collected in a flask containing 10 per cent, citrate of soda. The 

 mixture is then planted out in agar tubes. 



Baruchello believes that the great variability in the clinical forms of strangles and in 

 the gravity and complications which this disease exhibits, are generally the result of the 

 combined action of the two microbes. 



Strangles also occurs in the Sudan. The laboratory museum contains some excellent 

 specimens of nodules in the lungs. 



Botriomi/cosis. This disease is of special interest, as it occurs to a great extent in 

 camels in the Sudan. A considerable number of these animals die from this cause in 

 Kordofan. 



Caused by an organism known as the Botriomyces, it affects chiefly horses, but has been 

 known to affect cattle, swine, and even the human being. It usually results from a wound 



' Pricolo, A. (May, 1908), " Contribution to tlie Study of Epizootic Lymphangitis." Jovrnnl of Tropica/ 

 Veterinary Science. 



' Baruphello, L. (.4pril 15th, 1907). Rer. Gen. de Med. J'et., No. 104, p. 4.33. 



• Article not consulted in the original. 



