224 BEVIEW — TBOPIOAL MEDICINE, ETC. 



Veterinary infection, the lesion produced consisting of chronic inflammatory proliferation of connective 

 Diseases— tissue with suppurating foci ; the whole constituting a botriomycoma. The pus from a 

 continu-al botriomycoma is characteristic in its appearance, being of a sticky mucoid character and 

 when spread on a slide a number of granules can be seen. 



It differs from the pus found in actinomycosis, as the granules do not give a gritty 

 sensation when rubbed between the fingers. 



Microscopic examination shows that the granule is almost opaque and has an 

 undulating margin. If the granule is still further broken up and stained by Gram, it is 

 seen to consist of numbers of staphylococci, held together by some amorphous matrix. 

 The absence of filaments and clubs distinguish this from actinomycosis. 



The common sites for botriomycoma are the front of the shoulder, spermatic cord, 

 elbow and udder. 



As regards treatment, Woolridge^ considers surgical measures should be resorted to 

 as early as possible, and that the action of potassium iodide as a drug may be of use where 

 the growths are so large or so diffuse as to be inoperable. 



Sleeping Sickness in Fowls. A reference to this disease is of interest, owing to the 

 presence of a micro-organism found by Damann and Manegold,-* viz., a streptococcus 

 which is capsulated. This streptococcus grows well in ordinary media, especially on 

 blood serum to which 6 per cent, glycerin has been added. The streptococcus retains 

 Gram's stain and is pathogenic to pigeons, rabbits and other animals, and the above observers 

 found that the disease may be communicated to lambs and dogs. 



It was noticed in 1904 by the authors, the most striking symptom being marked 

 somnolence, and on account of this they named it Fowl Sleeping Sickness. 



The affected fowls appear dejected, with swollen eyes and pale combs and have 

 symptoms of catarrh. They eat well and may move about after feeding, but as a rule they 

 remain still and huddled together, sleeping for hours and days and leave oS laying. Finally 

 they become extremely emaciated and die. 



The emaciation the authors attribute to the toxin of the Streptococcus capsulatus 

 gallinarum. Besides symptoms of septicismia, inflammatory changes occur in the intestinal 

 canal. The incubation of this disease is eight to fourteen days, and the duration is about 

 three weeks. 



Influenza in Horses. Gray^* refers to this condition being caused by a Cocco- 

 hacillus, which has been found experimentally to be fatal to the guinea pig, rabbit 

 and horse when inoculated subeutaneously into these animals. This cocco-hacillus is 

 decolorised by Gram's method of staining, is aerobic and never forms streptococci when 

 grown in liquid media. The disease appears to be highly contagious and produces 

 symptoms affecting specially either the pulmonary, cardiac, renal, or intestinal system or 

 the central nervous system. Specific sera have been employed as prophylactic measures 

 and for diminishing the severity of the symptoms. 



Filariasis. Eeference has already been made to the disease known as Bursati, possibly 

 caused by filarial embryos. 



Pease, ^* in an interesting paper, describes a disease in horses simulating dourine, but 

 found to be produced by filarial embryos. It is of interest to note that no adult filaria were 

 discovered in his cases. The chief signs were the presence of oedematous patches resembling 

 the plaques found in dourine, and exuding a pale straw-coloured serous fluid. In samples 

 of blood removed from these patches, filarial embryos were present in abundance. 



• Woolridge, Q. H. (September 30th, 1907), "Actinomycosis and Botriomycosis." Journal of Comparative 

 Patholog;/ and Therapeutics, Vol. XX. 



" Damann, C, and Manegold, 0. (1906). ArchivfUr. Wissenschaft u. jtrnkt. Tierheilk, Bd. 33, S. 41-70; also 

 (February, 1908), " Sleeping Sickness in Fowls." Journal of Tropical Veterinary Science, p. 128. 



= Qr-ay, H. (March 19th, 1904), " Influenza in the Horse." Veterinary Record. 



* Pease, H. T. (October, 1906), "A Disease simulating Dourine caused by Filaria." Journal of Tropical 

 Veterinary Science. 



• Article not consulted in the original. 



