PLATE XIX 



Inches I 2 3 * s G 



t-^-r^l I I I I —^ 



1-4. The doctor's fee (Nyam-nyani). Disc and arrow- 

 shaped iron money. The most primitive "coinage" 

 perhaps existent. Iron is the only metal of the 

 country and Jii it lies the vahie of exchange. .\ 

 little brass and copper are imported but knowledge 

 of the rare metals is absolutely nil, silver and gold 

 having no value over copjier, brass and iron ; 

 ordinary coins possess no value except as 

 ornaments. 

 Tobacco pipe in which the coarse home-grown 

 tobacco, originally introduced by Arab traders, 



is smoked. Hashish, an Indian hemp, probably 

 introduced in the same waj", is grown and 

 smoked by the Nyam-iiyam cannibal tribes of the 

 Southern Hahr-EI-Ghazal. 



6-8. Three Nyam-nyani knives, two small worn by women 

 and larger one by men. Used for all purposes, 

 including the rough attempts at surgery, circum- 

 cision (which is occasionally practised), and mutila- 

 tion — removal of hands, ears, eye-s and genitalia. 



!). Poisoned arrows. ElUc on extreme right arrow shows 

 adhering poison. 



