FLIES. 365 



causing disease; it also bites man, but does not 

 transfer this cattle disease to man. 



Glossinia palpalis causes the ^'sleeping sickness" 

 in Africa. The larvae of Glossinia are developed 

 in the body of the female, and are laid when nearly 

 full grown; hence, when hatched, they pupate al- 

 most at once. 



Family Anthomyidse: these are very similar 

 to house flies. We often capture this fly on tlie 

 beaches. It is an intermediate group between the 

 calyptrate muscids (squama covers the haltere) 

 and the acalyptrate muscids (a squama does not 

 cover or only partly covers the haltere). It is near 

 to the latter group because it has the "cell a" 

 (Plate 44, Fig. 5) usually open, while it is classified 

 with the calyptrate muscids because it has squama? 

 covering the halteres. 



The antennae have the typical "bristle," whicli 

 may be bare or clothed wdth plumes to the top. 



These flies are fond of visiting flowers, such as 

 those of the family Umbellifer^ (parsley, fennel) 

 and Compositge (cosmos) ; we have captured them 

 on fennel whose flowers were swarming with these 

 flies ; they were feeding on the nectar. 



The larvae vary in habit; some feed on decaying 

 vegetable matter, some are parasitic on other 

 insects, and some are pests on living plants. The 

 larva of one species attacks the roots of cabbage 

 and cauliflowers (family Cruciferae), and another 

 species attacks the bulbs of onions. These flies 

 are recorded as pests in America. 



