370 LIFE STORIES OF AUSTRALIAN INSECTS. 



are repeated until apparently the maggot finds 

 itself in a more congenial position as to food or 

 moisture, or out of the light, or where it can burrow 

 into the soil to pupate. On each side of the head 

 is a cluster of minute spiracles or breathing pores 

 arranged in a row. (Plate 46, Fig. 4.) A pair of 

 tubes of tracheae running through the body connect 

 these anterior spiracles with two sets of spiracles 

 at the posterior end, which are arranged in two 

 sets of three openings. (Plate 46, Figs. 2 and 3.) 

 Each of tliese posterior openings is guarded by 

 a row of fine, closely-arranged hairs, which are 

 probably used as screens against the entrance of 

 juice and dirt into the tracheae or breathing tubes." 



The pupa is within the seed-like ''puparium. " 

 (Plate 46, Fig. 7.) Mr. Gurney records that the 

 maggots whieli are found in quinces and apples 

 often pupate in the fruit: ''These fruits, being less 

 juicy than citrus fruit, are therefore not likely to 

 drown or cause the pup^e to decay, as would the 

 citrus fruit. ' ' 



Another fruit fly is a native of Australia, and is 

 called the Queensland fruit fly (Dactis tryoni). 

 Mr. W. B. Gurney makes this record: — ''The New 

 South Wales variety of the above species attacks 

 Orchard fruits — oranges, mandarins, comquats. 

 peaches, and nectarines, and occasionally plums, 

 apples, pears, lemons, and loquats. Wild fruits — 

 white ash berries {Schkomeria ovota), cheesewood 

 berries (Acronychia lacvis), black apple or native 

 plum {Sideroxylon australe), wild black fig (Ficus 

 stephanocarpa), and rarely lillipilly {Eugenia 



