ORIENTAL CICADIDJE. 29 



The rostrum reaches the apex of the basal abdominal segment, and the tegmina have their apices 

 considerably attenuated. 



Long. excl. tegm. 36 millim. Exp. tegm. 90 millim. 



Hab. — Borneo:* South-East District (Doherty — coll. Dist.). 



This species has probably a wider distribution, as Prof. Westwood informs me he has 

 apparently the same insect from Sumatra and Malacca. 



cc. Winr/s red, with the apex Hack. 



C. Tosena dives. (Tab. III., fig. 10, a, h.) 



Cicada dives, Wostwood, Arc. Eut. vol. i. p. 98, t. 25, f. 2 (1842). 



Tunena dires, Amy. & Serv. Hist, des Hem. p. 4G4 (1843). 



Huechjs transcersa, Walk. List Horn. Suppl. p. 40 (1858); Stul, Ofv. Vet. Ak. Forb. 1863, p. 483; Atkins. 



J. A. S. Beng. vol. liii. p. 219, n. 26 (1885). 

 Gccaiia dives, Atkins. J.A. S.Beiig. vol. liii. p. 221, n. 34 (1885). 



Body and legs black ; eyes ochraceous, apex of face castaneous. Tegmina blackish ; the venation, costal 

 membrane, and a transverse fascia, — commencing at apex of radial area and terminating on posterior margin 

 at lower apical area, — reddish ochraceous. "Wings pale reddish, with about the apical third black. 



The face is very globose, and the rostrum extends to between the inner angles of the opercula. 



Long. excl. tegm. <? , 24 to 25 millim. Exp. tegm. 66 to 73 millim. 



Hab.— Continental India (Stevens— Brit. Mus.) : Sikkim (Calc. Mus. and coll. Dist.) ; Darjeeling 

 (Stockh. Mus.); Sylhet (Stainforth— Hope. Coll., Oxford). 



This species, according to present knowledge, has a very limited distribution. 



d. Basal areas of both tegmina and ivings more or less ochraceous. 

 7. Tosena sibylla. (Tab. IX., fig. 9, a, h.) 



Gmma sibylla, Stul, Trans. Ent. See. ser. 3, vol. i. p. 576 (1863) ; Atkins. J. A. S. Beng. vol. Iv. p. 156, 

 n. 26 (1886). 



= • The best and fullest information we Lave concerning the Cicadlda of Borneo is from the pen of Mr. Cathbert 

 Colling-n-ood, who informs us: — "There are several species in Labuan and Pulo Daat, which make the woods resoimd. One 

 of the most extraordinary of these singing insects utters a soxmd by no means immusical. Just as the sun goes down, a loud, 

 ringing whistle strikes up among the fern, or in some spot near the house, sometimes apparently almost in the verandah, 

 which I can best compare to one smartly rubbing on very sounding musical glass, and keeping up for a long time a verj- loud 

 and uninteiTupted musical note. You may search in vain for the origin of the ringing sound, though it appears to spring from 

 the very spot on which you may be standing, for a quiet approach will not disturb the insect, which, sitting in the mouth of 

 its hole in the ground, whistles its monotonous and loud song, which is probably intensified by reverberation in the ca\-ity. 

 This insect seems to affect the neighbourhood of houses, and can only be seen by a patient and, withal, fortunate watcher. 



"But there are two or three species of Cicadas which are no whit inferior in noisy powers to the insect just mentioned 

 (which I have been assiu-ed was a locust), though their notes have a different character. One of these makes a simple chirp, 

 all night long, like our crickets. But there are two others which I will designate respectively the scissor-grinder and the 

 saw-whettcr" I shall never forget the first time of hearing the scissor-grinder in the jungle at Pappan when approaching the 

 island in a boat, the noise being distinctly audible for at least a quarter of an horn- before we reached the shore, and when there 

 the resounding whiv-r-r — whir-v-r—wh'ir-r-r of the insect awakening the echoes of the forest was truly astonishing. .\fl«r 

 continuing tliis deafening sound for some time, it winds up with a protracted xvhis-z-z-z which dies away just hke the .<;cissor- 

 grinder's wheel when the treddlc stops. Another which I heard at Coal-point closely resembled the whetting of a saw, but 

 was not so common as the last ; and a third always began with a sort of warbling note, like a person blowing in water with 

 a bird-whistle, very loud and somewhat melodious withal. These sing aU day, oven during the hottest liours. 



"The Cicadas are, however, very dithcult to detect by the sight. They often sing high up in the trees, and I shotild 

 still be doubtful of the real nature of the songsters had I not once or twice, when peering curiously up into the tree, seen 

 a Cicada quit its retreat and fly from among the leaves simultaneously witli the discontinuance of the somul. But when in 

 a bush near at hand, the ringing sound is of a peculiarly deceptive and ventriloquous nature. The noise they make is so loud 

 that it thrills through the ears in a manner perfectly deafening. You approach the bush from which it appears to issue, and 

 you even appear to have reached the very spot in which the animal is concealed, but nothing daunted, the in«oct continues its 

 screeching, and you may peer about and look for a glimpse of it iu vain. Y'our proximity does not disturb it. for it seems to 

 think that it is quite safe in its concealment, and even thrusting a stick into the bush will not dislodge it, nor iu all cases even 

 stop the noise. At the same time one cannot be absolutely certain that it is really in tliat particular bush, for the mere 

 intensity of the sound is not sufficient to fix its exact locality, though the tlirill it sends through the ears proves it must bo very 

 near." — ' Rambles of a Naturalist on the Shores and Waters of tlie China Seas," pp. 175 — 7. 



