128 ORIENTAL CICADIDM. 



" Corpus ohlongum. Caput latitudine varians, thoracis antico raro latius ; fronte leviter vel modice 

 convexa, baud plus quam dimidium latitudinis faciei occupante, sulco longitudinali instrueta ;* clj'peo 

 apice subacuminato vel leviter truncate. Eostrum breve vel mediocre. Ocelli a basi capitis remoti. 

 Thorax lateribus raro paullo explauatis, spepissime convexis, postice ampliatus. Tegmina margine costali 

 baud vel basin versus leviter dilatato, venis ulnavibus snepissime admodum distantibus, numquam contiguis, 

 areis apicalibus octo, prima quam secunda longius antrorsum extensa. Tympana tota detecta. Margo 

 anticus partis postice segmenti dorsalis primi abdominis in lobum baud ampliatus rectus. Segmentum 

 ventrale ultimum feminarum profunde lateque emarginatum. Opercula parva aut mediocria, baud 

 valvautia, raro contigua. Femora antica subtus spinosa." 



Tibicen, as thus freely understood, has a world-wide distribution, but its typical forms are 

 found in the Nearctic and Palaearctic regions, and only just enter the Indian section of the 

 Oriental region. 



'O" 



A. Head, inducling outer viarginft of eyes, much narrower than base of mesonotuin. 



a. IViit'js with SiX ajncal areas. 



1. Tibicen casyapae.f (Tab. XIV., figs. 20, a, //.) 



Tibicen casyaiia:, Distant, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. G, vol. i. p. 37J (1888). 



2 . Head black ; margins of front, ocelli, and a small central basal spot, dull reddish ; eyes 

 ochraceous. Pronotum dull reddish, the margins and two central longitudinal lines black. Mesonotum 

 black; two central " antler "- shaped fasciae, the lateral margins, and the basal cruciform elevation, dull 

 reddish, the anterior angles of the last black. Abdomen above black. Body beneath black, somewhat 

 greyishly pilose ; face red, its central longitudinal sulcation black; rostrum black; legs reddish, the femora 

 streaked with black beneath. 



Tegmina and wings pale hyaline, their bases dull reddish, the venation blackish ; the costal membrane 

 of tegmina ochraceous. 



The face is large, but laterally compressed and strongly striated, with a profound central longitudinal 

 sulcation. The rostrum about reaches the intermediate coxae ; the legs are robust, and the anterior femora 

 have a strong spine beneath at apex and a similar spine near base. 



Long. excl. tegm. 2 , 35 millim. Exp. tegm. 90 millim. 



Hab. — Continental India: Kashmeer Valley, 6300 feet (Leech — coll. Dist.). 



2. Tibicen reticulatus. (Tab. XIV., figs. 21, a, b.) 



Tibicen reticulatus, Distant, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. G, vol. i. p. 371 (1888). 



$ . Head black ; apex of front, anterior lateral margins of vertex, and a narrow central longitudinal 

 line, dull reddish ; eyes brownish-ochraceous. Pronotum black, the margins and two large contiguous 

 spots on each side of disk dull reddish. Mesonotum black ; the margins, the basal cruciform elevation, 

 and two irregular subobconical spots on anterior margin, dull reddish. Abdomen black. Body beneath 

 and legs black, somewhat greyishly pilose; margins of the face, under surfaces and apices of femora, tibije 

 and tarsi, excluding bases and extreme apices, spots and markings on sternum and abdominal segmental 

 margins, dull reddish. 



Tegmina and wings pale hyaline, the venation blackish, their bases narrowly reddish, outwardly 

 shaded with black ; costal membrane to tegmina dull reddish. 



='= Except iu the subgenus Nelcynda as subsequently defined by Stal. 



f According ti> tradition, the valley of Kashmeer was drained and colonised by Casyapa, about 2,666 years before the 

 commencemeut of the Christian era (Hamilton ' East India Gazetteer'). 



