Empididae. 143 



front metatarsus is in nearly all species more or less thickened, only 

 in some few it is simple. The females have often the hind tibiae 

 more or less compressed and cm'ved. In some few (non-Danish) 

 species the hind femora are in both sexes or only in the male 

 thickened and suddenly narrowed at the apex. The legs are more 

 or less hairy and have bristles to a higher or lower degree, different 

 in the various species, and as a rule the legs are most bristly in the 

 males; also apical or subapical spurs or bristles are generally present. 

 There are two claws, two well developed pulvilli and a distinct, 



Fig. 47. Wing of H. piibipes. 



linear, membranous empodium. Wings with the mediastinal vein 

 bent at the apex and reaching the margin, the cubital vein forked, 

 the upper branch somewhat long and not steep; there are thus two 

 cubital cells; the discai vein branched, four posterior cells and the 

 discai cell sending three veins to the margin, the lowermost is the 

 upper branch of the postical vein, which closes the discai cell below; 

 the lower branch of the postical vein recurrent, about parallel with 

 the wing-margin, and the anal cell shorter than the second basal 

 cell; the anal vein generally weak, sometimes reaching the margin, 

 but generally abbreviated. Stigma present. Axillary lobe well devel- 

 oped. Alula not or almost not developed, fringed at the margin. 

 The alar squamula roundish, and likewise fringed at the margin. 



Of the developmental stages I have only examined a pupal skin 

 of H. niveipennis Zett., but Beling (Arch. fiir Naturgesch. 48, 1, 1882, 

 218 — 221) describes larvæ and pupæ of H. interstincta Fall., pilosa 

 Zett., maura Fabr,, quadrivittata Meig., fiavipes Meig. and matrona 

 Hal., and (Verh. zool. bot. Gesell. Wien, XXXVIII, 1888, 2) H. qua- 

 drivittata Meig. again, and Brauer (Denkschr. d. Akad. d. Wissenschaft. 

 Wien, math. nat. Cl. XLVII, 1883, 65, Taf. IV, Fig. 77-79) describes 

 the larva of H. lurida Fall. The body of the larva consists of twelve 

 segments, the head included; it is cylindrical, white or yellowish; the 

 head is small; the last segment is somewhat globular with a mem- 

 branous, somewhat large, triangular tooth or wart; above it lie the 

 terminal spiracles; the anterior spiracles lie at the front end of the 



