POSITION AND TERMINOLOGY OF THE CULICID^ 5 



On this point, Mr. F. V. Theobald remarks : " Much 

 difference exists between the so-called Mosquitoes of various 

 parts of the world. Some are true gnats, others sand-flies 

 iSimulidcc), and yet others midges, or Chironomid(S, of the 

 genus Ceratopogun, such as the American so-called ' grey 

 gnat.' American Mosquitoes belong to the genera Cidex 

 and Simidium ; that of Cuba,. according to Desvoidy, is a 

 Gulex, while in Brazil the Mosquito is a small Simulium, 



Fig. 2.— An Indian " Sand Fly," common in Naini Tal. x 15 Diams. 



a, The left half of the insect is shown denuded of its tomentum, so as to 

 indicate more clearly the details of the venation of the wing ; b, antennse of 

 the same, more highly magnified. 



sharing the honour with a true gnat {Psorophora molestus), 

 according to Pohl and Kollar. From the West Coast of 

 Africa I have had several kinds of Mosquito sent, including 

 one or two GulicidcB, but some were midges. It will thus 

 be seen that the term is no guide to the family of insects to 

 which any given * Mosquito ' belongs. In any case, they 

 all belong to families which are found in greatest abundance 

 in swampy places." 



The term " sand fly " is, however, at least as loosely 

 applied as the word Mosquito, so that it must not be 



