148 GNATS OR MOSQUITOES— CHArXER VII 



Captain C. J. Fearnside, I.M.S., writes that in Bajah- 

 mundri, Mosquitoes seem to exist all the year round, and 

 that he finds that Anopheles breeds anywhere, in a beaker 

 of water as well as in a puddle. He has also seen Ayiopheles 

 feed greedily in the daytime. With regard to the evolu- 

 tion of the malarial parasite, Captain Fearnside notes that 

 in some species of Anopheles crescents and spring tertian 

 parasites will not develop at all, the crescents may be " old 

 and impotent " (Grassi), but this will not explain the non- 

 development of the spring tertians. He also noted that 

 he had frequently found crescents in cases known to have 

 suffered from only mild attacks of fever. 



Major J. Smyth, I. M.S., writes from Bangalore that 

 Mosquitoes are present throughout the year, but in 

 diminished numbers in January and December. Last year 

 Anopheles were present in certain localities in large 

 numbers, especially in July. The following note is of 

 special interest : last year at Bangalore some new plots 

 of land were opened out for the extension of the town, and 

 one of the new extensions became so malarious that it had 

 to be abandoned, all the children suffered from ague, and 

 most of them developed enlarged spleens. In this part of 

 the extensions Major Smyth found Anopheles larvte very 

 prevalent in some low-lying pools ; in two other extensions 

 no malaria prevailed and no Anopheles larvae could be found. 



This observation at Bangalore is very interesting in 

 connection with the much discussed question of malarial 

 outbreaks among men employed in engineering and building 

 operations. 



From Berhampur, Bengal, Major J. H. T. Walsh, 

 I. M.S., writes that Anopheles is present in small numbers 

 all the year, but only a few in the dry hot months. They 

 appear in large numbers during breaks in the rains, and 

 after the heavy floods of last September none were seen for 

 several days. Though Berhampur is a very " malarious " 

 district, very few cases of true "ague" were seen in the 

 jail and asylum. Anopheles larvae seem to breed every- 

 where he says, in tanks, or even in a bathroom. 



Major C. R. M. Green, I.M.S., F.E.C.S., writes from 



