Pipunculus. 11 



1. Pipunculus Latr. 



Species of rather small to medium size, of dark, generally blackish 

 or brownish, sometimes more greyish colours, rarely with yellow side 

 spots on abdomen in the female. The head (fig. 3) is very large, 

 semiglobular, as long or about as long as broad, it is not only broader 

 but in all respects larger than thorax; behind it is very deeply excav- 

 ated, but behind the eyes it is puffed out to a somewhat broad margin 

 all round, this margin is fmely hairy and along the edge between the 

 puffed out part and the deep excavation there is a row of fine erect 

 hairs. Eyes very large, occupying nearly the whole head, leaving 

 only the margin along the eyes behind; the eyes are generally touching 

 in the male, but in some species scarcely touching or in reality narrowly 

 separated; in the female they are separated, 

 but narrowly. In the male there is thus an 

 elongated vertical and a similar frontal triangle 

 which are narrowly connected in the species 

 with the eyes separated. In the female vertex 

 and frons form a narrow band with parallel 

 horders or slightly widened in the middle and 

 very fmely hairy; the vertex bears three ocelli 

 but there are no ocellar bristles. Vertex, frons FJ§- ^- Pipunculus 

 and epistoma are not raised above the level zonatus S- 



of the eyes and thus not seen in profile. Eyes 



practically bare; in the male the facets are very slightly enlarged on 

 the whole front part, decreasing evenly in size towards the posterior 

 margin, in the female the facets just on the front part of the eyes 

 around the antennæ are much to exceedingly enlarged. The antennæ 

 are inserted in the middle of the head quite near to each other, the 

 third joint is oval, elongated oval, or somewhat reniform, more or less 

 pointed below or here with a shorter or longer rostrum, it is generally 

 more pointed or longer rostrate in the female than in the male; the 

 second joint is short-haired or has long hairs above and below, the 

 third joint is pubescent. Epistoma forming a narrow band of about 

 the breadth of the frons, it stretches from the antennæ to the oral 

 aperture, its last part thus becoming horizontal; as the eyes go quite 

 to the oral aperture no jowls are developed. An oral cone is developed, 

 but not large; clypeus is somewhat horse-shoe-shaped, lying on the 

 front side of the oral cone, its basal or median part is seen just below 

 the end of epistoma. The mouth parts are small, generally not 



