Phoridae. 83 



species sometimes have been bred, so that the feeding habits of the 

 larvæ are known. As regards the European genera the larva of Chae- 

 toneurophora is imknown, the piipa is described here; the develop- 

 mental stages of Paraspiniphora are well known, of Parastenophora 

 they are unknown; larva and pupa of Triipheoneura are described 

 here; as regards Dohrniphora egg, larva and pupa of the American 

 species veniista are described (Jones, Entom. News, XXIX, 1918, 

 299), and there is a paper of Weiss (Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. de l'Afrique 

 du Nord. 1911, 34), dealing briefly with the metamorphosis of D. chlo- 

 rogostra, but as to description it has only some remarks about the 

 puparium; the pupæ of three species are described here; larva and 

 pupa of Hypocera are described and likewise of Conicera^ but from 

 earlier time and not thoroughly; the stages of Phora are not described, 

 of Beckerina unknown; of Aphiochaeta the stages are rather well known 

 of some few species, of Phalacrotophora, though known, they are not 

 described, and of Pseudacteon they are not described; of Gymnophora 

 the stages are unknown, of Metopina not described, and fmally of 

 Platyphora the pupa is known, but not described. Only of few foreign 

 genera the developmental stages are known. The larvæ may be some- 

 what different in aspect, but the principal features are the same. 

 The larva is of the type of the Muscid larvæ and like this passes during 

 growth through three stages separated by two moults; the larva is 

 more or less cylindrical or a little flattened, attenuating anteriorly 

 and also posteriorly or here truncate; the colour is whitish or yellowish; 

 the body consists of twelve segments including the head; the dermis 

 is generally more or less covered with nearly microscopical or a little 

 larger spinules; above the mouth opening there are, as in other 

 cyclorrhaphous larvæ, on each side two papillæ, more or less confluent 

 at base, one is broad at the base and corrugated at apex, the other, 

 which is placed more dorsally, is more slender and terminales with 

 three small processes and a larger, refractive body; Keilin follows 

 Wandolleck in interpreting both papillæ as antennæ, while evidently 

 the lower papillæ are no doubt maxillary palpi, the upper antennæ 

 in accordance with the opinion of de Meijere (Zool. Jahrb. Syst. 

 XIV, 1900, 100). The mouth parts consist, as in the other cyclorrha- 

 phous larvæ, of a pharyngeal skeleton with a pair of hooks. Besides 

 the clothing of the dermis with small spinules there are on the body 

 a number of more conspicuous or larger, generally pointed papillæ 

 or warts; these latter are present in a certain number and arrangement, 

 but the surface may besides, as in species of Paraspiniphora^ be richly 



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