208 Phoridae. 



pupæ of A. rufipes and ruficornis, and finally Grandi (Boll. Lab. Zool. 

 Gen. et Agrar. Portici, VIII, 1914, 243) likewise thoroughly describes 

 and figures the developmental stages of the exotic species A. xanthima 

 gpgis_ — I have myself examined a piipa of ruficornis and of errata^ 

 and larvæ and pupæ of rata, rufipes and pulicaria. The larva of rufipes is 

 whitish, almost cylindrical, atteniiating anteriorly, but truncate 

 behind; the surface is covered with dense, nearly microscopical 

 spinules, less developed on the ventral side; on the dorsal surface 

 there are small, conically pointed or hair-like papillæ in transverse 

 rows on the segments; on prothorax there are four such papillæ, 

 on meso- and metathorax six; at the base of prothorax the anterior 

 spiracles are found, one on each side; each abdominal segment is 

 somewhat indistinctly divided into three corrugations which are 

 separated by furrows; each of these segments has eight papillæ of 

 which four are present on the posterior corrugation, placed two to 

 each side of the middle; and four are found on the middle corrugation, 

 placed towards the sides and thus more or less pleural. The papillæ 

 on the seventh segment form a posteriorly convex row, following the 

 dorsal outline of the segment which stretches backwards in the middle ; 

 the eighth segment is obliquely truncated above and has the posterior 

 spiracles lying on the middle; round its hind margin are six papillæ 

 forming distinct teeth, the fourth pair of papillæ placed more anterior- 

 ly near the sides. On the ventral surface each abdominal segment 

 shows a pair of somewhat large and somewhat bladder-like, flat 

 prominences, one on each side of the middle, each showing an indica- 

 tion of being longitudinally divided; outwards to each prominence 

 a slight elevation is seen. The length of the larva is 4 — 5 mm. The 

 pupa is pale brown, it is arched from side to side on the ventral surface, 

 more flat on the dorsal; the greatest height is near the anterior end, 

 the dorsal surface from here slanting abruptly of towards the anterior 

 end, but evenly towards the posterior end ; the lateral margin is some- 

 what sharply marked and the outline of the pupa is elongately rhom- 

 boidal; the larval papillæ are only slightly marked, but hovewer, 

 discernible as small brown points; of the lateral papillæ the inner is 

 placed on the margin, the outer below it on the ventral side; the 

 papillæ round the hind margin are more distinct. The spiracular 

 tubes are not long, somewhat distinct, directed outwards, but almost 

 not forwards; the length of the pupa is 3 to about 4 mm. As seen 

 from the above this description is quite agreeing with that given by 

 Keihn; this author has studied the fmer structure of the formations 

 which is in connection with their sensory functions; I only find the 



