Tachina. 385 



pupæ here hibernated and gave imagines in May next year, some, 

 however, came in the same year, but probably they perished. The 

 species is otherwise very polyphagoiis and known from a large number 

 of various Rhopalocera and Heterocera and also from Tenthredinids. 

 In larger hosts up to ten parasites may develop. The host is destroyed 

 sometimes before pupation, sometimes after; the larva likewise 

 sometimes bores out and goes into the ground, sometimes it pupates 

 in the host or cocoon. 



Geographical distribution: — All Europe at least, and often 

 very common; towards the north to middle Sweden. It has been 

 introduced to North America, and here infested American Lepidoptera, 

 and some interesting experiences were made about it (Howard and 

 Fiske: U.S. Dep. of Agric. Bur. of Entom. No. 91, 1911.). 



2. T. fasciata Fall. 



1820. Fall. Dipt. Suec. Muse. 5, 4. — 1844. Zett. Dipt. Scand. III, 1013, 1. 



— T. macrocera R. D. 1830. Myod. 188, 6 et 1863. Posth. I, 959, 1. — 1912. 

 Villen. Zeitschr. f. wissensch. Insektenbiol. VIII, 296. — T. impotens Rond. 

 1865. Atti Soc. Ital. Se. Nat. VIII, 214. — 1907. Kat. palåarkt. Dipt. III, 335. 



— 1921. Baer, Zeitsehr. f. angew. Ent. VII, 358. — T. larvarum 1862. Sehin. 

 F. A. I, 474. — 1896. Pand. Rev. Entom. XV, 64, 23. — T. nitidiventris Zett. 

 1859. l.e. XIII, 6071, 2—3. — 1914. Villen. La Feuille des jeun. Nat. V, 44, 94. 



— 'i Baumhaueria grandis Egg. 1861. Verh. zool. bot. Gesell. Wien, XI, 213. 



This species is very similar to larvarum. The frons is perhaps a 

 little broader, as broad as the eye. The orbits are less yellow. Vibrissæ 

 more ascending, up to above the lowermost frontal bristle. The eyes 

 are more visibly pubescent than in larvarum. The pruinose bands 

 on abdomen are narrower, generally covering just the front half 

 of the segments. The size generally as in larvarum, but it is, how- 

 ever, sometimes larger. 



T. fasciata is, as it seems, less common in Denmark than lar- 

 varum; Valby, Rørvig, Tisvilde, Køge and on Lolland; the dates 

 are in July and August. Some of the specimens are bred from Macro- 

 thylacia ruhi and Cosmotriche potatoria (Nielsen, Weis). Nielsen has 

 (Vidensk. Medd. fra Dansk naturh. Foren. 64, 1913, 228, impotens, 

 and 232, macrocera) treated its biology; he bred it from Malacosoma 

 castrensis and Orgijia antiqua, and in Greenland it was bred from 

 Dasychira groenlandica; the host generally pupated before it was 

 destroyed, but the Greenlandic specimens were bred from the Dasy- 

 chira larva. The parasite larva bored out and pupated in the cocoon. 



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