78 Syrphidae. 



— Epistoma in Ihe male white-haired ; wings a little 

 clouded; abdominal spots in the female not large. . 6. signata. 



5. Generally larger species with rather large abdominal 

 spots; wings clouded; tarsi yellow at the base; ab- 



domen less shining 3. noctiluca. 



— Smaller species with smaller abdominal spots ; wings 

 unclouded; tarsi rather dark; abdomen more shining... 6. 



6. Medium sized species; third antennal joint short, not 



longer than broad 4. bimaculata. 



— Small species ; third antennal joint longer 5. notata. 



7. Third antennal joint longer than broad, more or less 

 brownish; hind femora thickened, but not strongly 

 clavate; tarsi rather pale; wing-blotch in the female 



well defined outwards 7. lugubris. 



— Third antennal joint short, not longer than broad, 

 black; hind femora strongly clavate; wing blotch in 



the female not defined outwards 8. austriaca. 



By the present state of our knowledge of the species of Pipiza 

 the above table may of course only be taken as an attempt. I have 

 felt compelled to niake use of the abdominal spots and the wing- 

 clouds as characters, and I also think that these characters are of 

 some value when used with caution. — Leaving aside the two first 

 species which are well characterised, we have still six species. Of 

 these I consider noctiluca, bimaculata, luguhris and austriaca as well 

 founded species, while notata is perhaps a form of bimaculata and 

 signata a form of lugubris. — The males are most easily distinguished ; 

 they fall into two groups, distinguished by the colom* of the epistomal 

 pubescence (though aberrant specimens may occur), which is black in 

 noctiluca, bimaculata and ?iotata; noctiluca has more or less clouded 

 wings, and somewhat pale tarsi; bimaculata and notata have darker 

 tarsi and clear wings; bimaculata is smaller than noctiluca, with smaller 

 abdominal spots, notata is still smaller and likewise with still smaller 

 spots, and a little longer third antennal joint. The epistomal pubes- 

 cence is white is sigtiata, lugubris and austriaca; signata is disting- 

 uished from the two others by the presence of abdominal spots, and 

 when this is not sufficient, by the less thickened hind femora and 

 less clouded wings; austriaca is well characterised and distinguished 

 from lugubris by its short antennæ, strongly clavate hind femora and 

 characteristic wing-blotch. The females are less easily distinguished; 

 we may here make use of the abdominal spots and the clear or less 

 clouded wings in the first four species noctiluca, bimaculata, notata 

 and signata, and in specimens where the spots cannot be used, the 

 antennæ and hind femora may be distinguishing; noctiluca, bimaculata 

 and notata are divided from each other by the same characters as 



