Eristalis. 425 



Sc. 10, 1907, 137 and also in the papers by this author cited above). 

 It seems originally to have been dislributed over all Europe, north 

 and central Asia, northern Africa and the Islands round Africa ; it does 

 not seem to have been known in America before about 1870, and it 

 has not crossed the Atlantic but was first known from the western 

 coast and spread then eastwards, soon becoming very common; it 

 immigrated into New Zealand still more recently as it was first 

 noticed there in 1888, but already in 1890 it was widely dispersed 

 and plentiful. It is interesting to see that this species, which in the 

 ancient times was probably beholden ^to Carcasses and the like, did 

 not spread for a very long time, but when the spreading civilization 

 offered it favourable conditions by drains, cloacæ etc. it spread with 

 immense rapidity, following man where he settled, here finding the 

 most favourable conditions for its development; also its tenacity has 

 evidently been of importance for its spreading. It goes far towards 

 the north but is, however, not known from Greenland. 



6. E. anthophorinus Fall. 



1817. Fall. Dipt. Suec. Syrph. 28, 21 (Syrphus). — 1822. Meig. Syst. 

 Beschr. III, 390, 11. — 1843. Zett. Dipt. Scand. II, 666, 12 et 1859. 

 XIII, 5082, 12 (Syrphus). — 1907. Kat. palåarkt. Dipt. III, 99. 



Velvet pilose species. Male. Vertex black, brownish pruinose; 

 frons and epistoma yellowish pruinose, the former bare above the 

 antennæ, the latter with a black, shining middle line, not reaching to 

 the antennæ, and with the mouth edge and lower lateral parts black; 

 jowls black. Vertex with yellow hairs, or just at the apex a few 

 black; frons and epistoma with dense, pale yellow hairs. Epistoma 

 somewhat hoUowed below the antennæ and somewhat retreating below 

 the moderate central knob; it is somewhat descending. Occiput grey 

 pruinose, along the eye-margin it is whitish below, but reddish or 

 brownish above ; the hairs whitish below, yellow above and here there 

 are som long, black hairs to each side of the vertex. Eyes with dark . 

 brown or blackish hairs, densest along the middle of the eye. An- 

 tennæ black or blackish, not small, third joint with the upper front 

 corner rounded ; arista brown, slightly pubescent. Thorax black, dull, 

 with three slightly darker and duller stripes; it is densely clothed 

 with long, pale yellow hairs; scutellum yellow with similar hairs as 

 on thorax. Pleura with long, pale yellowish hairs. Abdomen black 

 with large, reddish yellow side spots, occupying the sides of second 

 and third segments and the basal part or even the whole side of 

 fourth segment, leaving about the middle third black; they are some- 

 times smaller, not reaching in on fourth segment or even not to the 



