34 DiaspincE. 



some little time beneath the protection of the pupariiim. In this 

 cramped position it manages to fully expand its wings, as may be 

 proved by raising the puparium shortly before the emergence of 

 the insect. The winged male makes its exit backwards from the 

 hinder part of the scale, and in so doing the delicate wings are 

 drawn upwards over and in front of the head, but resume their 

 natural position as soon as the insect has completely freed itself 

 from its covering. 



The adult male is very different to the female in its final 

 stage. The main divisions of the body are better defined, though 

 the boundaries of the head and the several parts of the thorax are 

 still rather vague. The disposition of the various parts may be 

 best explained by a reference to //. II. {figs. 2, 7, 8), in which 

 (c?) represents the head, {p) the prothorax, {c) the mesothorax, 

 id) the metathorax, and {e) the abdomen. It will be noticed that 

 the head and thorax have a backward tendency from above down- 

 wards {fig. 8). The head has the apex directed forwards; the 

 hinder part widened and forming the so-called gens or ' cheeks ' 

 {fig. 4, c), which may be easily mistaken for part of the prothorax. 

 There are four large and conspicuous ocelli with prominent cornese 

 {figs. 4, a and 5, a)\ one pair on the upper surface immediately 

 behind the antennae, the second pair more centrally disposed on 

 the under surface. The true eyes {figs. 4, b arid 5, b) are minute, 

 colourless, and inconspicuous, situated on the lateral margins of 

 the head in the angle between the upper pair of ocelli and the 

 genae. In some species they seem to be entirely suppressed or 

 reduced to a mere spot. The external mouth-parts are wanting, 

 the insect taking no food during this stage. 



The dorsal area of the prothorax {fig. 8, b) is small, but the 

 ventral parts of this segment extend far backwards. The meso- 

 thorax {fig. 8, c), on the contrary, exhibits its greater area on the 

 dorsal surface, where it is covered by a prominent shield-shaped 

 scute {fig. 2, /) with a distinct transverse band {fig. 2, g) behind. 

 This band is often of a darker colour than the rest of the insect, 

 and is known as the 'apodema.' On the under surface of the 

 mesothorax is a well-defined chitinous scute {fig. 7, /), broadest 

 in front, with a median longitudinal division. This divided scute 

 is always very distinct, being more highly chitinised and polished 

 than the other parts of the ventral surface. The metathorax 

 {fiS- 8) ^) bears on its upper surface the large shield - shaped 

 ' scutellum ' {fig. 2, //), the posterior margin of which is often 



