Fiorinia. 103 



anal aperture a little nearer the extremity. Length 075 mm. Greatest breadth 

 0*50 mm. 



Adult male not observed. 



No eggs or young larvae were found in the puparia or galls, from the 

 absence of circumgenital glands in the adult female it is probable that the insect 

 is ovoviviparous. The young larvae would readily make their escape through 

 the aperture at the base of the gall. 



Habitat on leaves of Grewia orientalis. Punduloya (June, July). The 

 female insects occupy minute rounded or conical galls on the upper surface of 

 the leaf ; the male scales are sunk in shallow depressions on the under surface. 



The development of this insect is essentially that of a Fiorinia, though the 

 form of the female puparium is very abnormal and totally unlike that of any 

 of its congeners. It is interesting to find on this same plant three galls, out- 

 wardly almost identical, one formed by an Aspidiotits {occulius), a second by 

 the above-described Fiori?tia, and a third produced by the action of a micro- 

 scopic fungus. It would seem that the plant must be predisposed to the 

 formation of galls under the stimulus of irritation. I notice a curious difference 

 between the galls of the Aspidiotits and the Fiorinia after desiccation. The 

 former, in drying, become of a darker tint than the rest of the leaf; while the 

 exact opposite occurs in the other case, the dried Fiorinia galls being consider- 

 ably paler than their surroundings. No such distinction is apparent in the 

 fresh galls. 



EXPLANATION OF PLATE XXX. 

 Fiorinia secreta. 



{All figures, except No. i, more or less enlarged.) 



Fig. I. Leaf of Grewia orientalis, with galls, nat. size. 



2. Male puparium, in situ. 



3. Section of leaf showing male puparium from the side. 



4. Under surface of leaf, showing opening of female gall closed by the 



first pellicle. 



5. Section of gall showing female puparium. 



6. Female puparium, removed from gall.. 



7. Adult female, side view. 



8. „ ventral view. 



9. „ antenna. 

 ID. „ pygidium. 



11,12. „ variation in form of extremity of pygidium. 



13. Section (diagrammatic) through puparium, showing position of adult 



female. 



14. Extremity of second pellicle, dorsal view. 



