272 THE COCCIDAE 



usually typical in form, rarely provided with deiisariac but may 

 be finely serrate. 



The altaceratubae are usually larj^e, with long tubes, their 

 oraceratubae generally oblique to the tubes and distinctly longer 

 than wide. In the lateres the altaceratubae are usually arranged 

 in pairs and their oraceratubae open near together. The lama- 

 ceratubae are long and comparatively large. Their tubes can be 

 traced through the plates to their oraceratubae located in the dis- 

 tal end. The brevaceratubae are usually numerous and are gen- 

 erally arranged in crescentic, often interrupted rows. While 

 there is variation in the length of the tubes of the brevaceratubae, 

 their tubes are usually longer than those of the brevaceratubae 

 found in the Diaspidini. 



The anal opening is probably more often located near the 

 cephalic end of the pygidium than near the middle or caudal end. 

 The vulva is located near the middle of the pygidium. It is sur- 

 rounded by four or five groups of genacerores in fifteen of the 

 genera and wanting in the other nine. The genacerores are pres- 

 ent in much the greater number of species, since they are present 

 in all the species of the typical genus Lepidosaphes, which con- 

 tains nearly as many species as all the other genera together. 

 The number of species with four groups of genacerores is small, 

 less than ten per cent, and only rarely are the cerores of the 

 groups combined so that it is not possible to identify their limits. 



Much use has been made in the preparation of the follow- 

 ing tables of the monograph of the Mytilaspides by Leonardi. 

 The species distributed among the different genera are confined to 

 two, Lepidosaphes and Ischnaspis, in Fernald's Catalogue and its 

 supplements. The structures of the pygidium described in the 

 tables are in every case those of the adult female unless other- 

 wise specified. 



The following species have been omitted from the tables for various 

 reasons: — abietis Sign, from Europe on Abies; ceratoniae Genn. from 

 Isle of Cyprus on Ceratonia; flava Targ. from Europe, Australia, China, 

 Hawaiian Islands, and North America on olive; juglandis Sign, from 

 France, Germany on .Tuglans, this is apparently the same as ulmi 

 Linn.; myrthi Bouch6 from southern Europe on Myrtus, this is 

 the same as ulmi Linn.; and Mytilaspis (Coccomytilus) dispar Vays. 

 from Madagascar on Manihot. The following species are all from New 

 South Wales: chitinosa Frogg. on Templetonia, cortrioides Frogg. on 

 Acacia, crassa Frogg. on Melaleuca, eucalypti Frogg. on Eucalyptus, 

 lobulatus Frogg. on Casuarina, mulgae Frogg. on Acacia, and recurvata 

 Frogg. on Acacia. Two species, greeni Charmoy and hibisci Charmoy, 

 are from the Island of Maritius. 



