Chemical Papers. 51 



with an equal volume of nitric acid assiimes a yellowish color, 



passing to crimson on warming (distinction from acetanilid and 



acetphenitidin). 



On warming 0.1 gra. of antipyrine with sodium hydroxide t. s., 



and again warming after the addition of chloroform, the disagreeable 



odor of phenyl-isocyanide should not be developed (absence of 



acetanilid). 



Benzaldehyde, C6H5.COH. 



Has been introduced as an article, artificially produced, to take 

 the place of the natural oil of bitter almonds as a material for 

 flavoring. An aqueous or alcoholic solution of either of these may 

 be used in pastry or other material, giving the peach or almond 

 flavor. The objection to the natural oil of almonds, in some cases, 

 is that it contains as a natural constituent hydrocyanic acid. Benz- 

 aldehyde will therefore become a popular substitute, for the better, 

 and to guard against adulteration ( or substitution ) of benzal- 

 dehyde by the oil of bitter almonds, a test for the presence or ab- 

 sence of hydrocyanic acid is introduced, which reads as follows : 



If ten drops of benzaldehyde, dissolved in a little alcohol, be 

 shaken with a few drops of a strong solution of sodium hydroxide, 

 then with a little ferrous sulfate t. s., and finally mixed with a 

 slight excess of hydrochloric acid, a blue precipitate should not 

 be produced (absence of hydrocyanic acid). 



/S02\ 



Sacchaeine, CeHK >NH ( Benzosulphinide). 



\co/ 



May be adulterated with glucose, with benzoic or salicylic acid. 

 These are tested for as follows : 



Glucose. — If 0.2 gm. of benzosulphinide be dissolved in 5 c.c. 

 of potassium hydroxide t. s., the solution should be clear, and not 

 become colored, even on prolonged heating (absence of glucose). 



Benzoic acid. — If to a hot aqueous solution of benzosulphinide 

 ferric chloride t. s. be added, drop by drop, no precipitation or vio- 

 let color should appear (absence of benzoic or salicylic acids). 



Cresol (also known as Tricresol), C6H4(CH3)0H. 



This article is a mixture of the three isomeric cresols obtained 

 from coal-tar, an antiseptic of growing popularity. It should be free 

 from hydrocarbons and phenol. The absence of these is detected 

 in the following way : 



Hydrocarbons. — If 1 c.c. of cresol be mixed with 1 c.c. of an 

 aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide (1 in 10), it should be dis- 



