August 2S, 1873. ] 



JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 



103 



may yet obtain some flowers this autumn. You will not regret your failure 

 next season, when you will probably have a prolusion of fine flowers. 



Treatment of Seedusg Pkaches (Inquirer). — Seedling Peaches will 

 bear fruit when three years old ii grown in pots in the ore bard house. They 

 would be about two years lon-^'er if grown out of doors on a wall. Tour trees 

 wUl require to be cut back in the spring to within a foot of the ground; you 

 ■will iben train one leading shoot and two side shoots, and if the trees are 

 grown on a system of summer-pinching they will bear all the sooner. 



Copixo FOR Kitchen G.utDEN Wall {Ittunalho).^Stoue slabs ai'e the 

 best for this purpose. Ours are an inch thick, and project 3 inches over the 

 wall. 



Fkuit Trees for Gardes "Walls and EspALrERS (An Old Contributor), 

 — Yon ought to be a Uttle more explicit in your questions, and should have 

 told us what sort of fruit you prefer. Wo advise you to plant the espalier 

 vithJpptr^. The best sorts for your purpose would be Eai-ly Hai-vest, Cox's 

 Orange Pippin, Kerry Pippin, Scarlet Nonpareil, Reinette du Canada, Duma- 

 low's Seedling, and New Hawthomden. On the west wall we would plant 

 Pfar.i. The following will be suitable— Bourre d'Amanlis, Madame Treyve, 

 Beurrf Superfin, Marie Louise, Doyeunt- du Cornice, Brockworth Park, 

 Gansel's Bergamot, Easter Beurre, Glou Mor-.-eau, and Bergamotte Esporen. 

 On the east wall plant Apricots and Plums. Of the former Moorpark and 

 Peach are the best. Plumi—GiMu Gage, Kirke's, Coe'a Golden Drop, Jeffer- 

 son, Victoria, and Reiue Claude Rouge. On the north wall Morello Cherries 

 and Ked Currants will be the only suitable trees. 



MfLUERKv Tree U.nfkl-itful (H. N. 0.1.— Old Mulberry trees boar most 

 frt-ely. Your tree seems to grow too strongly. Root-pruning would have a 

 tendency to check this luxuriant growth, as the Mulberry bears freely when 

 restricted to pot culture. Even young trees will do so. Do not prune the 

 tree except to thin out the wood where it is too thick. We advise yuu to try 

 root-pruning. Cut a trench round the tree at about 3 feet from the stem, 

 and cut away all roots to tho depth of 2 feet. Yuu may also with a fork work 

 under the ball and cut away any downward roots. 



PELARGOKIUM3 TAiLdUO {Fidgi't].— It is very diflicult to judge what may 

 bo your cause of want of success from inspecting the leaves sent. Our im- 

 pression is that, though the house is shaded, it has been kept too close and 

 dry, and that the plants have not had sufficient moisture either at the roots 

 or in the air. Neither of the sorts sent — Lass o' Gowi-ie and Sir Joseph 

 Paxton, is Inclined to have large leaves ; but still, Tricolor Geraniums under 

 pot culture require Uberal treatment, and during the summer months should 

 be kept as cool and moist as possible without too much shade. There is no 

 better way of growing Geraniums than iu a cool frame with lights facing 

 north, the glass slightly dulled with whiting and milk, and tilted so as to 

 admit plenty of air, remo\-iug the lights altogether on dull days, but keeping 

 the lights as protection against too much sun or heavy showers. The bicolor 

 shoots on Mrs. J. ChUton, ItaHa Unita, Ac, are merely sports without any of 

 the green colouring matter, just as one occasionally sees perfectly white 

 shoots on Alma, Bijou, Miss Kingsbury, &c. You may syringe and water 

 overhead as much as yon like, provided the water is clean and pure. If over- 

 head-watering were injurious to Tricolors, what would become of them when 

 bedd&d-out '.' There is no time at which Tricolors have such beautiful colour 

 as in the moist nights of early summer and again in the autumn. 



Little Heath Melon. — Mr. Gall, Bradford Gardens, Dorchester, writes 

 to say that ho has cut three fruits of this vaiiety, weighing respectively 7ib3., 

 7 ths. 2 ozs., and 7| lbs., and that the vines are still in good health. 



TaARSPLANTiNO Rhododendbons AND AMERICAN FiRS (Quatt). — Rhodo- 

 dendronsand all kinds of evergreen treesand shrubs are best moved in Septem- 

 ber, or from the beginning of October to the middle of November ; but if they 

 have been grovn very closely together, and are on that account tender, no time 

 is so good for moving them as the early part of April. They do not then ex- 

 perience the loss of the shelter close planting secures, and they have time to 

 become established in their position before a return of cold weather, whereas 

 if planted early in autumn they suffer very much if the winter be at all 

 severe. Early-autamn planting we advise for subjects grown singly or thinly, 

 and for those grown thickly plant in moist warm weather in spring. Rhode- 

 dendrons lift well at all seasons, but it is advisable not to remove them when 

 flowering and making fresh growths. The American Firs should bo planted iu 

 February. 



Old Plants of Straweeeries versus Runners (Idem). — If you take-up 

 old Strawberry plants, divide, and plant them, they will not do iny good. 

 Runners only should be planted, taking them from plants that have boma 

 fruit this seaaon, or tho fruttfuluess of which is known. It does not answer 

 to plant the runners of unfruitful plants. 



Melons Hollow (J. IF. £,.).— The hollowncss we should attribute to their 

 having had too much water overhead, and too little at the roots. They have 

 been kept too moist and cold. Give more heat and less water. Beaton's 

 Indian Yellow has long been known and extensively used as a bodder. Mrs. 

 William Paul is a good ro:^e pink, but is not a good bedder; as a pink, 

 Mra. Upton is better, also Master Christine. 



OLEA?a>ER DaoppiNa its Flower Buds (J. B.). — When growing and 

 flowering this plant can hardly have too much water, three-part.'^ of a pint 

 being by far too little to give a plant with four blooms. It would only 

 moi-^ten the upper part of the soil, whereas all watering should be so given in 

 I'lautity tliat the water reach the whole and moisten it throughout, showing 

 it^rlf at the drainage. On the other hand, the plant should give evidence of 

 •:' ■ 1 i<: water before any is applied, and then a thorough supply ought to be 

 r' - i> '1. Watering at stated timca without taking into consideration the 

 j-i^liUun of the soil is bad. 



ScccEssFFL Ekplovment OF Sewagf. (J. S/rtj/t/w;).— Practico aud scieuc® 

 agree iu testifying that sewage is a most proDtable manure. On light-soiled 

 (our hundred acrea of more rabbit-warren, at Mansfield, the Duke of Portland 

 now grows mofit abundant crops of gr&sa. If you write to his manager there 

 he would give yon full information ; ax would W. Hope, Esq., Irrii^ation Farm, 

 Itom/ord, where crops of all kinds, horticultural and agricultural, are grown. 

 There ia also a large grass farm at Croydon, part of which is clayey, manured 

 solely with sewage. At all those places tho crops are very large and most 

 profitably grown. The sewage at all is appHed in a liquid raw state by moans 

 of open channels. We know that no offensive odours or injuries arise from 

 the employment of sewage, for the earth is one of the most effectual, as it is 

 the moat profitable, of deodorisers. Tho idea that sewage-^ auurod grass 

 eaoses disease to tho animals fed upon it is baseless. 



ViNRs Attacked by Red Spider (IK. B. B. and A. F.).— This is the 

 most inveterate and insidious enemy of the Vine, and they will always be 

 attacked by it. The Viuea when in a dormant state should bo painted with a 



mixtiu-e of tobacco liquor, sulphur, and soft soap ; and if they are pro- 

 perly treated, red spider does not generally appear until the Grapes show 

 signs of culouriug, unless the pest has been introduced by plants growing in 

 the house. It can be kept in subjection by syringing, but, as "A. F." com- 

 plains, this destroys the bloom. /\Ve never syringe our Vines after the buds 

 are started an inch, and we keep the red spider under by painting the hot- 

 water pipes with tlowers of sulphur, after the house is shut-up in the after- 

 noon. The pipes should be so hot that it feels uncomfortable to place the 

 hand upou them. ** A. F." asks if syringing his Grapes until they be^an to 

 colour caused tho bloom to disappear, and also injured the whiteGrapes ? No 

 doubt it was tho cause. 



Carnations and Picotees {A. Lrdirard). — Wo must refer you to tho 

 reports of the Royal Horticultural Society's Shows, pages 44 and 97. 



Potato Uefuse for Manure (.V. C.).—^Vhen decayed it may bo applied 

 to any of your flower beds with equal advantage. 



Name of Fruit (T. J5.).— The Apple is Red Astrachan. The Fuchsia is 

 F. splendens. 



Names of Plants (R. E. .4.).— We cannot name a Fern from a portion of a 

 ban-en frond. iNorth ilo*it).— Lonicera involucrata. (^1. Z.). — The herb- 

 aceous plant isGaJega orieutalis. 1, Doodia lunulata ; 2, Monstrous form of 

 Athyrium Filix-ftemiua ; 3, Aspidium aculeatum ; 4, Nephrodium Filix-mas ; 

 5, Polypodium vulgare. (D-, Ouenutt-y). — The "New Zealaud Linseed" ia 

 Linum monogynum, the other is Solanum Capsicastnim. (J. G.). — Specimens 

 unsatisfactoi^. The red-flowered one is Phygelius capensis, that with a spike 

 of white flowers iy Francoa ramosa. {AU<:k). — 1, Hypericum hircinum ; 2, Eu- 

 onymous japonicus variegatus. (B. F. W.). — 1, Adiantum hispidulum ; 

 3, Pteria serrulata; 2, Pteris serrulata cristata. 



POULTRY, BEE, AND PiaEON OHEONIOLE. 



BIBMINGHAM POULTRY SHOW. 



The prize lists for the next Exhibition, which is fixed to be 

 held on November 29th and the first four days of December, 

 have been recently issued. The revision of the poultry schedule 

 has not resulted in alterations more extensive than the intro- 

 duction of Selling classes for Coloured (other than Silver-Grey) 

 Dorking coclis of any age, the prices of which must not exceed 

 ±'1 10s. each ; for the same description of Dorking hens or 

 pullets, the prices of which must not exceed i;2 2s. per pair; for 

 Dark Brahma cocks of any age, the price not to exceed ,i'l 10s.; 

 and for Dark Brahma hens or pullets, price not to exceed £2 2s. 

 per pair. We are informed, however, that since this schedule 

 was printed a silver cup, value H'i 3s., has been promised for 

 each of the four classes of Dragoon Pigeons — one by Mr, P. 

 Graham, Birkenhead, for the Blues ; one for the Reds or 

 Yellows by Mr. W. H. Mitchell, Moseley; and the others by 

 a few subscribers. 



The entries in all departments close on Saturday, Novem- 

 ber 1st. 



DURHAM POULTRY SHOW. 



The Diuham County Agricultural Meeting took place on the 

 22nd inst. Fothergill's pens were used, and were neatly erected 

 in single tiers. No member of the Committee exhibited, and in 

 consequence some of the classes (notably the Cochins) were poor. 

 Brahman were good, the first adult birds, and the second chickens. 

 Dorkings were a grand class, all the pens being good, but some 

 of them out of feather. Spanish were poor ; also the Polands, 

 with the exception of the first-prize Silver. Game were really 

 good throughout, the winners being Brown Red, while the highly 

 commended pens were Piles and Black Reds. The Spangled 

 Hambarglis in both classes were bad, but in Pencils there were 

 some capital birds, the Gold-penciUed cock in the first-prize 

 pen being as nearly perfect as possible. In Game Bantams the 

 winners were Black Reds, the first a grand old pen, and the 

 second excellent chickens of that variety. Piles being highly 

 commended. In the Variety class of Bantams, Blacks were first 

 and Whites second, and a pretty httle piair of Nankins was very 

 highly commended ; in the next class, which was for any variety 

 of large poultry, Houdana were first aad Black Hamburgha 

 second. 



The class for Rouen Ducks was such as will not be easily sur- 

 passed at this time of year, and the winners were very largo and 

 good in all points, the Aylesburys being a good second to the 

 above class. 



Cochins.— 1, A. M. Balmor, Bishop AncUand. 2. D. & .T. Ibitson, Whitby. 

 he, T. H. Redman, Whitby ; F. Horaemaa, Yorli. e, W. J. Thompson, Woodhorn, 

 Morpeth. 



Brauma Pootras.— 1 and 2, R. Moore, East Rainton. hr, F. Horseman. 



DoRKiNos.— 1. W. J. Thomson. 2, J. White. Warlaby, NorthaUerton. c. A, 

 BuKlass. Carville, Durham ; W. Bearpark, Ainderby Steeple ; G. Widdas, How- 

 den, Oarlijitrton (2). „ 



Si'Axisn.-l. K. Moore. 2, A. Buglass. he, R. Elliott, Fence Houses; H. 

 Dale, Northallerton. 



Poi.ANDa.— 1, A. Bui^lass. 2, W. Bcarpark; 



Ga-mr.— 1, J. Fletcher, StoneclonKh. 2, T. & J. Robson, liishop Auckland, he, A. 

 Buorlass : J. Nelson. Cockahaw. Hexliam ; T. & J. Robson. 



HAMBoaoHS. — Gol(teinprj<iol€rf.— I, A. BuKlass. 2. W. Bearpark. lie, R. 

 Keenlevside, Bishop Auckland, mlvur-niangled, — 1, R. Moore. 2, G. Russell, 

 South Hylton. c, G. Turnbull. Morpeth. 



HAMnCBons.— (/oM'!n-p<'nCf7^'rf.— I, W. Atkinson, Bishop Auckland. 2, W. 

 Bearpark. lie, D. Cheyne. Morpeth; G. & J. Duckworth, Church, c, T. H. 

 Redman. SHver-iiencHled.-i, li.M.cuTo. 2, W. Bearpark. Ac, D. Chej-ne; T. 

 H. Redman. „ „ 



Gamfl Bantams.— 1, .J. Nelson, 2, T. & J. Kobson. he, .J. Nelson ; R. E 

 Dackcring, NortUorpc, Kirtoo Liudday. 



