October 23, 167:3. ] 



JOURNAL OF HOKTICULTUBE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 



317 



statuary, whilst in the centre springs a noble fountain seudiug 

 up its crystal stream high into the roof that rises 70 feet above 

 the floor. Passing from here upon the terrace facing the sea, 

 we get at once a view commanding the entire garden. Stretch- 

 ing down to Duke Street, are winding paths hid in shrubberies, 

 and here and there stand shelter houses, whilst in front are 

 extensive croquet lawns, flanked on one side by the grand 

 terrace, and protected from the sea on the other by high banks 

 of rock and shrub, whilst round the whole are carried walks 

 and flower-beds carefully sheltered from the cutting blast. 



Coming to the lodge in Coronation Walk, we pause and ask. 

 Have we seen all ? We are told Xo ; there are rooms as large as 

 any in the place we have not yet entered — vineries, and green- 

 houses hid from view, grottos and nooks we have not dreamt 

 <jf, nor have we seen the half of all that here can be seen. But 

 our time is gone. Into those tanks containing the wonders of 

 the deep we must look another time, and defer to a more con- 

 venient season our more minute inspection of all that has been 

 so carefully and judiciously provided here for our enjoyment. 



THE GEAPE LOUSE. 



The recent reception of leaves of the Clinton Grape Vine 

 affected with the minute galls or excrescences, with which every 

 Grape-grower is familiar, from Mr. P. C. Khoa, of Neponset, 

 Bureau county, in this State, again invites our attention to 

 this insect. This matter assumes a particular importance at 

 this time from the intelligence just given by the newspaper 

 press, of the arrival in this country (Chicago), from France, of 

 a distinguished horticulturist and practical entomologist, M. 

 Planchon, for the express purpose of investigating the diseases 

 of the Grape Vine in America, and especially, we may presume, 

 the insect now under consideration, which is considered to be 

 identical with a similar species which has been much more 

 destructive in Europe than in this country. 



It is a remarkable fact that in Europe the insect works 

 mostly upon the roots of the Vines, and has rarely been known 

 to form galls upon the leaves, whilst in this country they are 

 more generally known as producing galls upon the leaves, 

 which do not verv- materially affect the health of the plant. 

 This remarkable dift'erence in the habits of the insects in the 

 two countries naturally led to the supposition that they were 

 different species of the same genus. But Mr. Eiley, who has 

 made a special study of this insect, and who has had oppor- 

 tunities to compare specimens from the two continents, in all 

 their stages, beUeves them to be identical beyond all doubt ; 

 and he has also shown that they damage the roots of several 

 varieties of Grape in this country, though to a comparatively 

 small extent. It was estimated that the (h-ape-root louse of 

 Europe damaged the Vines in the single province of Vaucluse, 

 in France, in the course of three years, to the value of five 

 millions of dollars. The apparent identity of the American 

 with the European insect has caused it to be viewed with much 

 apprehension, especially since the publication of Mr. Riley's 

 articles upon the subject, and since he has given us reason to 

 believe that the languishing condition of certain varieties of 

 our Grape Vines, from invisible and unknown causes, may be 

 referred with considerable probability to the insidious opera- 

 tions of these insects upon the roots. 



No very satisfactory treatment of this insect has been sug- 

 gested. In France various washes have been experimented 

 with, but with imperfect results. The most important direc- 

 tion is to gtiard againt the dissemination of the pest by ex- 

 amining the roots of all Vines before transplanting, and if they 

 exhibit the little knots which these insects produce, either 

 discard them altogether, or trim-off the damaged roots and 

 immerse the remainder in hot soapsuds or tobacco water. 

 Everyone who has paid any attention to this subject has been 

 struck with the remarkable partiality which these insects 

 exhibit for the Clinton Grape Vine ; so great, indeed, that we 

 believe it may be safely said that tenfold more galls are formed 

 on the leaves of this Vme than upon all the other varieties 

 combined. This notorious fact naturally induced Mr. Riley 

 in his earlier writings to advise the extermination of the Clin- 

 ton Vine?, and we copied and endorsed that advice in our 

 former article, conditioned, however, upon an evident increase 

 and spread of the disease. In his fourth report Mr. Riley was 

 induced by subsequent observations to modify this opinion. 

 We will quote his own remarks upon the subject : — 



" Last year, from the knowledge we then had of this insect 

 in this country, I recommended the destruction of the Clinton 

 Vine where other and better varieties succeeded as well. This 



advice was given in order to get rid of the galls, and wherever 

 it has been followed it has had the desired effect. It was given, 

 however, under the impression that the Uce would not attack 

 the roots except where the leaves were covered with galls ; 

 whereas, in truth, the roots would appear to be less affected 

 (at least during the growing season), where the leaf galls are 

 abundant than where they are scarce ; while they may be 

 absolutely ruined where no signs of galls exist. Consequently 

 there is no longer any urgent need of, or good reasons for, 

 destroying our Clinton Vines." 



Nevertheless, inasmuch as it is a notorious fact that a greater 

 number of Grape lice originate upon the Clinton Vines than 

 upon all the other varieties combined, if we assume that the 

 leaf lice and the root lice are identical, and that the Phylloxera 

 vitifolii of America is the same species as the P. vastatrix of 

 Europe, then, in case these insects should ever show a tendency 

 to become as destructive to the Vine in this country as they 

 have been in Europe, it would evidently be one of the first 

 dictates of prudence to exterminate the Clinton Vines, and 

 thus remove from our vineyards this most prolific hotbed of 

 the Phylloxera. — {Prairie Farmer.) 



WOBK FOB THE WEEK. 



KITCHEN GABDEN. 



Manures should now be wheeled out of the framing ground to 

 the vacant spaces in the kitchen garden, and immediately after- 

 wards dug-in. Every portion of the ground should now be free 

 from weeds. Cut down any remaining flower-stalks on Arti- 

 chokes, remove a few of the large outer leaves, and cover the 

 roots with litter or old tan ; it is a common'practice to earth- 

 up with soil between the plants, but one which we entirely 

 disapprove of. Take up Beet, and having cleared it of leaves 

 preserve it in sand. The Cape varieties of Broccoli which 

 are now heading must be secured from frost after they are 

 formed. Keep Cucumbers securely tied to the trellis, and the 

 shoots stopped as before recommended ; slightly syringe every 

 fine clear day, and give air at every favourable opportuuity. 

 Another sowing of Dwarf Kidneij Beans should now be made. 

 Keep the first crop duly supplied with water; this must be par- 

 ticularly attended to when they are in flower ; if allowed to get 

 dry at that time the whole of the blossom will fall off without 

 setting. Give air to Lettuce at every favourable opportuuity, 

 more particularly to the young plants ; the Cabbage varieties 

 intended for winter use will not need it so freely. When the 

 means of heating a Miisliroom house is flues, maintain a moist 

 atmosphere by frequently sprinkling them; pans of water should 

 also be placed on them. It is generally more convenient to 

 have Parsnips taken up and stored in the root cellar than to 

 dig them up as wanted. Taking them up should therefore be 

 immediately attended to. In mild and favourable situations a 

 few Potatoes may be planted to come in for early use, but there 

 are but few places to which this will apply. Clear away the 

 decayed leaves of Rhubarb, and cover the crowns of the roots 

 with old tan or any sort of loose litter. Scorzonera and Salsa/ij 

 may now be taken up and preserved Uke other culinary roots. 



FBUIT GARDEN. 



Pay every attention to gettiug the wood of Peach and Apricot 

 trees well ripened by exposure, shortening, &c. Prepare for 

 planting all kinds of fruit trees by getting the ground in good 

 order and suitably prepared for the different kinds. The sooner 

 the trees are planted the better, as they will then make fresh 

 roots before winter. In all cases, but more especially on cold 

 stiff soils, it is advisable to plant on hillocks a foot or 18 inches 

 higher than the surrounding surface. The trees will not grow 

 so fast in consequence, aud will require more attention in sum- 

 mer for mulching, but they will form short-jointed, well-ripened, 

 fruitful wood, which is the best preventive of canker, gum, &c., 

 and will save the labour of resorting much to root-pruning. 

 When planting fruit trees spread the roots out carefully, and 

 close the soil about them with the hand ; never shake the tree 

 up and down, as is sometimes done, for it disarranges the roots 

 very materially. Eoot-prune fruit trees where they are growing 

 very luxuriantly, or take them entirely up and replant them. 

 Gather any remaining fruits, such as Quinces, Medlars, and 

 Walnuts. 



FLOWER GARDEN. 



The beauty of most of the plants which enlivened the flower 

 beds and borders with gay blossoms in summer is now nearly 

 over ; all that remain to cheer us at this season are some late- 

 flowering Phloxes and the varieties of the Chinese Chrysan- 

 themums, which in flue autumns like the present are very orna- 

 mental when tied-up so as to show their flowers to advantage. 

 Cut down the stems of all plants that have done blooming. 

 The tubers of Dahhas will survive moderately severe winters 

 in the open ground if protected by a covering of dry litter or 

 fern ; but it is the bett practice to take them up as soon as the 

 leaves and flowers have become blackened by frost, as they will 



