8 B0VID.3i. 



of horns in the British Museum brought from Central Africa by 

 Captain Clapperton, R.N., and Major Dcnham, R.E., which are figured 

 in Griffith's ' Animal Kingdom,' iv. t. 201. f. 4 ; but these horns 

 arc shorter and much larger in diameter, and are spread out on the 

 sides like those of the common domestic Oxen, and they are very 

 much lighter for their size than those of the Galla Oxen or Sanga. 



" Sir llichard Vivian has kindly informed me that he has seen a 

 breed of cattle in Italy, with the horns rather erect, somewhat re- 

 sembling those of the Samja in position." — Grai/, Ann. 4' Mag. N. 

 Hist. 1655, XV. p. 66. 



" These are domestic cattle [in China] that have for long had the 

 run of the numerous mountains and peaks of the neighbouring Le. 

 These have originated from cattle that were let loose to pasture and 

 not collected to their stalls each night. Their dispositions have 

 become wild, and they flee from the sight of man. To obtain them 

 it is necessary to shoot them with a gun." — Swinhoe, P. Z. S. 1870, 

 p. 237. 



2. Bos chinensis. (The Yellow Cow of South China.) B.M. 



Humped. 



Bos chinensis, Sivinhoe, P. Z. S. 1870, p. 648. f. 6 (animal), f. 7, 8 

 (skull and horns). 



Hah. South China. 



" The small Yellow Cow of South China is a peculiar race, com- 

 bining, as it seems to do, the characters of Bos {udicus of India and 

 Bos taurus of Europe. It has the head and dewlap in character 

 with the former, with a small hump, the straight back, and hind 

 quarters of the latter. Mr. Blyth maintains that it is a cross be- 

 tween the two ; and this opinion may perhaps be borne out by the 

 fact that the North-Chinese large cattle are certainly hke our Euro- 

 pean ordinary breed. In the ' Taiwanfoo Gazetteer ' I read this 

 passage under the head ' Yellow Cow : ' — ' The neighbouring hills 

 have this animal in abundance. They are caught and tamed, and 

 are trained for use in the ploughing of fields and drawing of carts ;' 

 and fui'ther on, ' Formosa has an abundance of wild cattle, occur- 

 ring in herds of hundi'cds and thousands. When it is desired to 

 capture them, a wooden stockade is erected with four sides, in one 

 of which is left a door. The cattle are driven towards it until they 

 all enter, when the gate is shut on them and they are barred in and 

 left to starve. They are afterwards by degrees haltered and bridled 

 and treated to fodder and beans, until they become not difi^erent 

 from domestic cattle.' 



" I take it that the wild Formosan Cow was indigenous to Formosa, 

 and of the same species that ranged throughout South China, from 

 Avhich the present domestic cattle of the south are derived. I have 

 not heard of its being found wild in the present day in China ; and 

 in Formosa the wild race has almost, if not quite, disappeared. In 

 the central mountains they are kept in a semi-wild state, and from 



