PARALICHTHIN^ 89 



somewhat enlarged anteriorly. 20 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch. Scales 

 ctenoid on ocular side, cycloid on blind side ; 75 in lateral line. Dorsal 87 ; com- 

 mencing in front of eye. Anal 70. Pectoral of ocular side 15 in length of head. 

 Brownish, with numerous small blue dots margined with darker scattered over the 

 head and body, between many larger, mostly very diffuse dark brown spots ; the 

 latter are much clearer m the centre than at the margin, and form a regular series 

 parallel with and at a short distance from the base of the dorsal hn ; in the lower half 

 of the body these markings appear to be mostly wanting. 



Type. — Not traced. 



Distribution. — Juan Fernandez Is., Chile. 



The ty'pe was 73 mm. in total length. 



Genus 6. PSEUDORHOMBUS. 



Psciidorhombus, Bleeker, 1862, Versl. Akad. Wet. Amsterdam, xiii, p. 426 [Rhombus polyspilus, 



Sleeker] ; Day, 1877, Fish. India, p. 422 ; Regan, 1920, Ann. Durban Mus., ii, p. 207 ; Weber 



and Beaufort, 1929, Fish. Indo-Austral. Arch., v, p. 99 ; Norman, 1931, Ann. Mag. Nat. 



Hist., (:o) viii, p. 597 ; Wu, 1932, Thes. Facult. Sci. Univ. Paris, A. 244 (268), p. 79. 

 "i Neorhombus, Castelnau, 1875, Research. Fish. Austral. (Vict. Offic. Rec. Philad. Exhib.), p. 45 



[Neorhombus unicolor, Castelnau].^ 

 Tcratorhombus, Macleay, 1882, Free. Linn. See. N.S.W., vi, p. 126 [Teratorhombus excisiceps, 



Macleay.] 

 lihombiscus, Jordan and Snyder, 1901, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., xxiii, p. 379 [Rhombus cinnamoncus, 



Temminck and Schlegel.] 

 Spinirhombus, Oshima, 1927, Japan. J. Zool., Trans. .Abstr., i (5), p. 187 [Spimrhombus ctenosquamts, 



Oshima.] 

 IsHorhombus, Whitley, 1931, Aust. Zool., vi, p. 322 [Pscudorhombus spiiwsus, McCulloch.] 



Very close to Paralichthys, which it replaces in the Indo-Pacific region, but with a 

 supratemporal branch of the lateral line running upwards towards the anterior part 

 of the dorsal inn. Eyes separated by a bony ridge. 58 to 100 scales in lateral line. 

 Generally the body is less elongate than in Paralichthys. the mouth smaller, and the 

 teeth rather less strong. In general, the species are of smaller size. 



A number of species from the Indo-Pacific. 



Synopsis of the Species. 



I. Gill-rakers palmate (short, strongly spinulate), as broad as long ; 3 or more 

 distinct ocelU or double ocelli on body. 

 A. Origin of dorsal well in front of nostrils of blind side, a line connecting 

 base of first ray and posterior nostril, if continued, passes above hinder 

 end of maxillary ; upper profile of head evenly convex . i. spinosus. 



K. Origin of dorsal above or just behind nostrils of blind side, a line 

 connecting base of first ray and posterior nostril, if continued, crosses 

 maxillary ; upper profile of head notched. 



1. Depth 2j to 2j in length ; maxillary to below posterior edge of eye 



or beyond, 2 to 2j in head ; canines strong ; 4 to 8 teeth on blind 



side of lower jaw . . . . . . .2. diplospilus. 



2. Depth 2^ to 2 1 in length; maxillary to below middle of eye or 



beyond, 2J to 2J in head ; canines moderate or small ; 13 to 22 

 teeth on bhnd side of lower jaw . . . . 3. dupliciocellatus . 



^ It is impossible to identify this fish with certainty from Castelnau's brief description. The 

 type of A', unicolor was from Fremantle, Western .\ustralia. 



