PARALICHTHIN.E 09 



8 to lo on lower part of anterior arch. Scales ctenoid on both sides of body ; 70 to 

 78 in lateral line. Supratemporal branch of lateral line extending towards ninth 

 to eleventh ray of dorsal fin. Dorsal 71-77 ; commencing above or verj- little 

 in advance of posterior nostril of blind side, and at a distance in front of eye 

 equal to J or J its diameter. Anal 55-61 ; tip of first interhaemal spine sometimes 

 projecting. Pectoral of ocular side with 12 or 13 rays, length if to i J in that of head ; 

 pectoral of blind side if to about twice in head. Caudal double-truncate ; caudal 

 peduncle 3 to 4 times as deep as long. Brownish, with or without indistinct groups of 

 small white spots above, below, and on straight part of lateral line : generally a dark 

 blotch at commencement of straight part of lateral line ; sometimes other more 

 irregular darker spots and markings ; median fins with indistinct dark spots and 

 rings. 



Type. — Leiden Museum. 



Distribution, — East coast of India through the Malay Peninsula and Archipelago 

 to the Philippines 

 Specimens Ex.\mined : 



Also several from the east coast of India and Burma (Ind. Mus.). 



Apart from the presence of ctenoid scales on the blind side of the body, this species 

 is very similar to P. arsius. If specimens of more or less equal size are compared, 

 however, the latter species may generally be recognised by the shorter lower jaw, 

 the stronger canines in both jaws, and the shorter pectoral fin on the bhnd side. 



8. PSEUDORHOMBUS OLIGODON (Bleeker). 



Rhombus oligodon, Bleeker, 1854, Nat. Tijdschr. Xed. Ind., vi, p. 419 ; Bleeker, 1858-9, .\ct. Soc. 



Sci. Indo-Neerl., v, Japan, pi. iii, fig. 2. 

 Pseudorhombus russellii (part), Giinther, 1862, Cat. Fish., iv, p. 424. 

 ? Pseudorhombus cinttamoneus. Otaki, 1897, J. Fish. Bur. Tokyo, vi (i), p. 6, pi. iii. fig. 2 ; Tanaka. 



1913, Fish. Japan, xiv, p. 231, pi. Ixv, fig. 238. 

 Paralichthys oligodon, Jordan and Snyder, 1901. Annot. Zool. Japon., iii, p. 121. 

 Pseudorhombus oligodon, Jordan and Evermann, 1902, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., xxv, p. 365 ; Jordan 



and Snyder, 1906, Proc. U.S. Xat. Mus., xxxi, p. 177; Snyder, 1912, Proc. U.S. Xat. Mus., 



xlii, p. 43S ; Norman, 1931, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist, (10) viii, p. 598 ; Wu, 1932, Th^s. Facult. 



Sci. Univ. Paris, A. 244 (268), p. 80. 

 ? Pseudorhombus arsius, Jordan and Seale, 1905, Proc. U.S. Nat. ,Mus., x.xix, p. 529. 

 Pseudorhombus cinnamoneus, Jordan and Starks, 1906, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., xxxi, p. 174 ; Hubbs. 



1915, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., xlviii, p. 462 ; Fowler and Bean, 1922, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., ixii 



(2), p. 66 ; Oshima, 1927, Japan. J. Zool., Trans. Abstr., i (5), p. iSo. 



Very close to P. malayanus, but depth of body 2 to 2J in the length, length of 

 head 3I to 3J. Maxillary not extending to below posterior edge of eye, length 2 to 

 2^ in that of head ; lower jaw about i| in head. 7 to 9 gill-rakers on lower part of 

 anterior arch. 80 to 90 scales in lateral line. Supratemporal branch of lateral line 

 extending towards seventh to ninth ray of dorsal fin. Dorsal 78-82. Anal 61-65. 

 Pectoral of ocular side 15 to ij in head, that of bhnd side 2 J to 2 J. Brownish, \vith 

 or without darker spots or rings ; a large dark spot at commencement of straight 

 part of lateral line, which may be rounded and distinct or diffuse; median fins with 

 irregular brown spots and markings. 



