2()8 FLATFISHES (HKTICKOSOMATA) 



Khomhus Inrnsus, R.itliko, iS.ir, Mini, prt-s. Ac. Imp. Sii. St. IV-lcrsb., iii (3 and 4), p. MO- 



Rhombus rliombttis, Kathkc. 1S17, lorn, cit., p. J51. 



Rhombus mcroticus, Nordnian, 1S40, in Demidov, \'oy. Riiss. iiiLTid., lii. p. 534, pi. zS, lig. j, pk. 



z<), io : Kesslcr, 18.10, Bull. Soc. Nat. Moscou, xxxii {:), p. 441 ; Ciinther, iSoj. Cat. Fisli., iv, 



p. 409. 

 Psclta mtFOlicit, Bonaparte, 1846, Cat. niotod. I'esci Europ., p. 40. 

 I'U-uromcles maximus var. mcroticus, Jordan and Go5s, 18.S.1, Rep. U.S. Com. Fish., xiv, (i8«f)), 



p. ;,sr. 

 Bnthus miFoluus, Berg, miO. Poiss. eaux donees Rnss., p. 4611, fig. 35J. 

 ."^cophlhiilmus mirolicus, Norman. 1931, .Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (10) viii, p. .513. 



Clo.se to S. maximus, but the body is more rhomboid in shape, the depth ij to ij 

 in the length, length of head 2^ to nearly 3. Diameter of eye 6 to 1 1, length of maxillary 

 2 to 2^ in that of head. 1 1 or 12 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch. Tuf^ercles 

 generally strongly developed on blind side of body as well as on ocular side, much 

 stronger than in S. ma.Miiius (in adults), those on body mostly larger than eye.' 

 Dorsal 61-68 : highest rays 3 J to 4^ in depth of body, and i J to 2 in length of head. 

 .\nal 44-50. Pectoral of ocular side with 1 1 to 13 rays, length i J to 2J in that of head. 

 Caudal roimded. 



Type. — Zoologisches Museum der Universitiit, Herhn (?). 

 Distribution. — Black Sea. extending into the eastern Mediterranean. 

 Specimens Ex.amined : 



Hattcrsli'V. 



Dickson. 



MiUingen. 



Sprat t. 

 Popov. 



3 SCOl'HTHALMUS I'OXTICUS, Nmni. 



Srophlhnlmus pnuluus, Xmni, 193;. Bull. .Soc. zool. Fr., Ivii, p. 83. 



Very close to the preceding species, but dorsal 78-80, anal 55-58 ; caudal with 

 19 branched rays. 



Type — Not traced. 

 Distribution — Black Sea 



4 SCOPHTHALML'S RHOMRfiS (I.innanis). 

 [Brill. 1 



rintrnnecles rhombus. Linnaius, 1758, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, p. 271 ; I7i>i>. ed. 12, p. 458 ; Blocli. 1783, 

 Naturgesch. Fischc Deutsch., ii, p. 36, pi. xliii ; Schneider, iSoi, in Hloeh, Syst. Ichth., p. 152; 

 l.acepede, 1802, Hist. Nat. Poiss., iv, p. 649 ; Quensel, 1R06, Vet. Akad. Handl., pp. .14, 307 i 

 Risso, 1810, Ichth. Nice, p. 315 ; Jordan and Goss, 1889, Rep. U.S. Com. Fish., xiv, (1886), 

 p. :58. 



PlniTimcctes crislalus, l.ichtenstein, i8ni, in Schneider (Bloch), Svst, h hlh., p. 153. 



I'leurnnides l<ivis, Turlon, 1802, l.innans, Svst. Nat., 1. p. 71)4. 



ScopUhalmus rhombus, Rafincsque, iSkj, Ind. itt. Sicil., p. 14 ; Chabanaud, 1930, Bull. Mus. Hist, 

 nat. Pans, (;) 11, p. 6;S ; Norman, 1931, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (10), viii, p. 513. 



' In voung and immature individuals the form and size of the tubercles, as well ,is the extent 

 of tlieir development, frequently approach closely to the c<inditions found in .s. maximum- 



