350 FLATFISHES (HETEROSOMATA) 



Caudal with i8 or lo rays {12 or 13 branched), more or less rounded ; caudal peduncle 

 deeper than long. 2 (? 3) pyloric appendages of moderate length and one shorter 

 appiendage further down the intestine. Brownish, indistinctly spotted with darker, 

 the spots apparently symmetrically arranged ; young marbled with paler and darker. 



Type. — Vienna Museum. 



PiSTRiBUTION. — Bering Sea, on both coasts, southwards to soutlicrn Sakhalin 

 and Kodiak Island. 



Specimens F-x.^^mined : 



I (235 mm.). Hcremlfcii li.iv. .\lask,i. T.S. Nat. Mus. 



I (103 ,. ). .. ,. Stanford Univ. 



I (i(,5 " ). li.iik.il B.iv, S.ikh.ihn. I'opov. 



This fish cannot be the Pleitronectes quadntuherculatus of Pallas, which may be 

 a species of Pleiironichthvs. Pallas describes the bony prominences on the head 

 as being four in number, thus : " tuberculis quatuor osseis, conicis, obtusis, 

 prominentissimis, serie linese laterali continua, quorum duo approximata antcrius. 

 tertium orbita- superioris postico margim cnntiguum, quartum maNimum sinui 

 branchiali adsidet ". He makes no mention of tlio form of the teeth 



2. PLEURONECTES PLATESSA. Linnaeus.' 

 [Plaice. i 



Pkuroncctfs plalcs^ti, Linnaeus, 17.18, Sysl. Nat., ed. 1.), p. zbr, ■ 1766, ed. i;, p. 45G ; Bloch, 1783, 

 Naturgesch. Fischc Deutsch., ii, p. 31, pl..\lu: Schneider, 1801, in Bloch, Syst. Ichth., p. 144 ; 

 Lacepede, 1802. Hist. Nat. Poiss., iv, p. 628; Donovan, 1806, N.H. Brit. Fish., iv, pi . vi ; 

 Quensel, 1806, Vet. Akad. Handl., xxvii, p. an ; Pallas, 1814, Zoographia, iii, p. 423; Faber. 

 1828, Isis, xxi, p. 866 ; Faber. 1829, Naturg. Fische Isl., p. 135 ; Nilsson, 1832, Prodr. Ichth. 

 Scand., p. 54 ; Nilsson, 1855, Scand. Faun., ed. 2, Fiskar, p. 612 ; Giinther, 1862, Cat. Fish., 

 iv, p. 440 ; Collett, 1875, Vid.-Selsk. Forh., (1874), Till, p, 144 ; Malm, 1877. Goteborgs Bohus. 

 Fauna, p. 525 ; Day, 1880-84, Fish. Britain, 11, p. 25, pi. ci ; Giinther, 1888, Proc. Roy. Soc. 

 Edinb., xv, p. 218; Lilljeborg, 1891, Sverig. Norg. Fiskar, ii, p. 358; Smitt, 1893, Scand. 

 Fish., i, p. 392, pi. xxi, fig. 2 ; Levander, 1894, Medd. Soc. Faun. Fenn., xx, p. 92 ; Collett. 

 1903, Vid.-Selsk. Forh., (1902), p. 95 ; Hock, 1903, Pub. Circ. Cons. Explor. Mer., iii, p. 57, 

 pl.vi; Page, 1907, Arch. Zool. exper. gen., (4) vii, p. 74; Pietschmann, 1909, Ann. naturh. Mus. 

 Wien, xxii, (1907-8), p. 300; Schnakenbeck, 1926, in Tier. Nord Ostsee, L. li, xii (i), p. 5, 

 fig. 3; Buen, 1926, Cat. ictiol. Medit. Espan. Marruecos, p. 99; Knipovich, 1926, Trans. Inst. 

 Sci. Explor. North, xxvii, p. 143, fig. 108 ; Saemundsson, 1927, Vit. Visind. Island, ii, p. 37 : 

 Schnakenbeck, 1929, in Joubin, Faun. Ichth. Atlant. Nord, iii, figs. : Chabanaud, 1930, 

 Bull. Mus. Hist. nat. Paris, (2) ii, p. 627 ; Chabanaud, 1931, Riviera Sci., Suppl. Mem. ii, p. 24. 



.So/ra plale'isa, Rafinesquc, 1810, Ind. itt. Sicil.. p. 14. 



Plalessa plalessa, Cuvier, 1817, R. Anim., ii, p. 220 ; Jordan and Goss, 1889, Rep. U.S. Com. Fish., 

 xiv, (1886), p. 291, pi. vi, fig. 15. 



Platessa vulgaris, Cloquct, 1826, Diet. Sci. Nat., xli, p. 403 ; Fleming, 1828, Brit. Anim., p. 198 ; 

 Gottsche. 1835, Arch. Naturgesch., 1 (2), p. 136; Yarrell. 1836, Brit. Fish., ed. i, ii, p. 209, 

 fig.; Parnell, 1838, Mem. Werner Soc, vii, p. 361, pi. xxxvi : Kroyer, 1843-5, Danmarks 

 Fisk., ii, p. 347, fig. ; Bonaparte, 1846, Cat. mctod. Pesci Europ., p. 48; Yarrell, 1859, 

 Brit. Fish., ed. 3, i, p. 605, fig. ; Moreau, i88i. Hist. Nat. Poiss. France, iii, p. 291. 



PhuronccUs borealts, Faber, 1828, Tidsskr. for Naturvid., (14), p. 244 ; Isis, xxi, p. 868, 



Plalessa lata, Cuvier, 1829, R. Anim., ed. 2, ii, p. 339. 



Pleuronecles latus. (Cuvier) Valenciennes, 1836-49, in R. Anim., Discip. Ed., Poiss , p. 300 ; (iunther, 

 1862, Cat. Fish., iv, p. 442. 



Platessa lata. Bonaparte, 1846, Cat. metod. Pesci Europ., p. 48. 



Pleuronecles platessa var. baltica, Nilsson, 185,";, Skand. Faun., ed. 2, Fiskar, p. 616. 



? Pleuronecles platessa, Trois, 1878, Atti 1st. Venet., (5) iv, (i), p. 321. 



Pleuronecles (Platessa) platessa, Danois, 1913, Ann. Inst, oct-anogr. Paris, v (5), p. loi, fig. 174. 



■ A iiionoKraph of this species, dealing with the anatomy, biology and economics, has been 

 published bv Cole and Johnstone (1902, Proc. L'pool. Biol. Soc , xvi. pp. 14.^-39''. n pIs). 



