35f> FLAII-ISHKS (HETEROSOMA TA) 



Related to Pseiidopleuyoiiectes, but with an increased number nf dorsal and anal 

 rays and vcrtebr.T Lips thick ; never more than 3 teeth on ocular side of either 

 jaw. Gill-opening scarcely extending above axil of pectoral. Dorsal with 80 to 106 

 rays, commencing rather close to posterior nostril of blind side. Anal with fig to 

 88 rays ; tip of first interhremal spine not projecting in front of fin. Rays of median 

 fins stout, more or less densely scaled on both sides. Caudal peduncle very short. 

 Skin rather thick : scales often more or less embedded, not well imbricated, cycloid ; 

 supplementary scales generally present in region of pores of lateral line. Intestine 

 with J coils, the second loop long and extending backwards well into the secondary 

 body-ravity of the ocular side ; 2 or 3 -|- 1 pyloric appendages, \'crtebra^ about 

 48 to 52 (12-13 + 35-40)- 



Three species from the North Atlantic and North I'acific. 



SVNOPSIS OF THK SPECIKS. 



I. Snout, eye-balls and interorbital space naked or with very few scales ; 

 anterior nostril of ocular side with a short tube, with rather short posterior 

 flap ; head 4 J to si in length ; origin of dorsal at a distance behind 

 posterior nostril which is less than l diameter of eye. 



A. no to 125 scales in lateral line ....... i, kitt. 



B. 135 to 142 scales in lateral line ....... 2. achne. 



II. Snout, eye-balls and mterorbital space well scaled : anterior nostril of ocular 



side with a short tube, with long posterior fiap ; head 4 J to 45 in length ; 

 origin of dorsal at a distance behind posterior nostril which is at least 

 ^ diameter of eye ; 144 to 149 scales in lateral line . . 3, pactficus. 



I. MICROSTOMUS KITT (Walbaum). 

 |Sme.-\r Dab ; Lemon Dab ; Lemon Sole.] 



I'h-uraiicctes kitl (part), VValbauiii, 179:;, Artedl Ichth., (.1), etl. ', p. no.' 



IHeiirotiectes kilt, Schneider, 1801, in Bloch, Syst. Ichth., p. 162. 



I'liuroiiectes microcephalus, Donovan. 1803, N.H. Brit. Fish., u, p. xhi ^ Fries, 1839, Vet. Akad. 

 Handl., li.\, (1838), p. 173 : N'ilsson, 1855, Skand. Faun., ed. 2, Fiskar. p. 609 ; Gtinther, 1862, 

 Cat. Fish., IV, p. 447 ; CoUett, 1875, Vid.-Selsk. Forh., (1874), Till. p. 14,1 ; Malm, 1877, Gote- 

 borgs Bohus. Fauna, p. 526 ; Steindachner, 1880, SitzBer. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Ixxx (i), (1879), 

 p. 165 ; Day, 1880-84, Fish. Britain, ii, p. 28, pi. cii ; Giinther, 1888, Proc. Roy. Soc. Edinb., 

 XV, p. 219 ; Lilljeborg, 1891, Sverig. Norg. Fiskar, ii, p. 402 ; Smitt, 1893, Scand. Fish., 1, 

 p. 383, pi. XX, fig. I ; Schnakenbeck, 1925, in Tier. Nord Ostsee, L. ii, xii (1), p. 5, fig. 4 ; 

 •Saemundsson, 1927, Vit. Visend. IsLind, 11, p. 37; Schnakcnlieck, 1.129, in Joubin, Faun. 

 Ichth. Atlant. Xord, i, fig. 



IHeuroncctcs ItTvis, Shaw, 1803, Gen. Zool., iv {2}, p. 299. 



Pleuronecles quensdii, Hollberg, 1821, N. Handl. Gotheborg Wett. Witt. Samh.. iv. p. 59. 



IHeurtmccUs qiitutridens, Fabririus, 1824, Afhandl. K. Danske Vid. Selsk., 1, p. 39. pi. i, figs. 10, ii; 

 Faber, 1H29, Fische Isl., p. 138. 



I'leurnnectes murnstomtis, Faber, 1828, Tidsskr. for N'aturvid,, (14), p, 245 ; Xil«on. 1832, Trodr. 

 Ichth. Scand., p. 53. 



I'lalrssa micracephala. Fleming, 1828, Hist. Brit. Anini., p. 198; Varrell, i8v>. Brit. Fish., ed. i, 

 11, p. 221. fig. ; Farnell, 1838, Mem. Werner Soc, vii, p. 366, pi. xxxviii ; Yarrell, 1841, Brit. 

 Fish., ed. 2, ii. p. 309, fig. ; Kroyer, 1843-5, Danmarks Fisk., ii, p, 316 ; Yarrell, 18.59, Bnt. 

 Fisli., ed. 3,1, p. 022, fig. ; Moreau, 1881, Hist. Nat. Poiss. France, iii, p. 294. 



Plates^a pola, Cuvier, 1829, R. Anim., ed. 2, 11, p. 339. 



I'teuronectcs cynoglossus, Nilsson, 1832, Prodr. Ichth. Scand., p. 53. 



Mtcroslomus latidens, (iottsche, 1835, Arch. Xaturgesch., i (2), p. i.so. 



? Mtcrnslomus gratilanduus, Reinhardt, 1839, Overs. K. Danske Vid. Selsk. Forh., p. 9. 



('ynoi;lo<,sa tnicmcephala, lionaparte, 1846, Cat. nietod. Pesci Kurop., p. 48. 



' .Mter Jago, in Ray, ' Syn. Pise.', p. 162, pi. i, fig. i (1713). The descript 

 ith that of Zeugoplenii pumluhts. 



