I'LEURONECTIN^ 



385 



Specimens Examined : 



Sitka, .Alaska. 



Kodiak, Alaska. 



Coronation Gulf, Bering Straits. 



Bering Is., Bering Sea. 



Esquimau Harbour, Vancouver 



Fraser's R., British Columbia. 



Pacific coast of .-Vmerica. 



Puget Sound. 



Yaguina Bay, Oregon. 



San Luis Obispe, Cal. 



Pt. Reyes, Cal. 



San Francisco, Cal. 



California. 



Petropaulski Harbour, Kamchat 



Tokyo, Japan. 



Bay of Mutsu, Japan. 



U.S. Nat. Mus. 

 Bretherton. 

 Haslar Coll. 

 Popov 



Ru 



ell. 



Plumper. 



Gruber. 



Jordan. 



Bretherton. 



U.S. Nat. Mus. 



Eigenmann. 



U.S. Nat. Mus. 



Ayres. 



Powell. 



Tokyo Imp. Uni 



Kishinouye. 



Rae Coll. 



This species grows to a weight of 15 to 20 pounds. 



Reversed examples of this species are very common, the percentage of individuals 

 with eyes and colour on the left side being about 50 in Californian samples, 75 in samples 

 from Alaska, and in Japan all the individuals appear to be reversed [see note on p. 28]. 



3. PLATICHTHYS BICOLORATUS (Basilewsky). 



Platessa bicolorata, Basilewsky, 1855, Nouv. Mem. Soc. Nat. Moscow, .x, p. 260. 



PUuronectes scutifer. Steindachner, 1870, SitzBer. Akad. Wiss. Wien, l.xi (i), p. 628, p. ii. 



Pleuronectes bicoloratus, Herzenstein, 1891, [Mel. Biol., xiii (l)] Bull. Ac. Imp. Sci. St. Petersbourg, 

 xxxiv (N.s. ii), p. 55- 



Kareius scutifer, Jordan and Snyder, 1901, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., xxiii, p. 379. 



Karcius bicoloratus, Jordan and Snyder, 1901, torn, cit., p. 769; Schmidt, 1904, Pise. Mar. Orient., 

 p. 243, fig. 19 ; Jordan and Starks, 1906, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., xxxi, p. 220 ; Jordan, Tanaka 

 and Snyder, 1913, J. Coll. Sci. Tokyo, xxxiii (i), p. 330 ; Tanaka, 1913, Fish, Japan, xi, p. 192, 

 pi. lii, fig. 198 ; Hubbs, 1915, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., xlviii, p. 488 ; Jordan and Hubbs, 1925, 

 .Mem. Carnegie Mus., x, p. 300 ; Soldatov and Lindberg, 1930, Bull. Pac. Sci. Fish. Inst., 

 v. p. 410 ; Schmidt, 1931, C.R. -Acad. Sci. Russ., p. 317. 



Depth of body 2 to li in the length, length of head 3 to 3f . Upper profile of head a 

 little concave. Snout longer than eye (except in young), diameter of which is 4^ to 

 7 in length of head and 3 or 4 times interorbital width ; anterior margins of eyes level 

 or lower very little in advance of upper ; interorbital ridge low, narrow, naked or with 

 a few small rugose plates ; postocular ridge irregular, rugose, no marked prominence 

 above the operculum. Maxillary extending to below anterior part of eye, length on 

 ocular side 3§ to 4, on blind side 3J to 3? in that of head ; lower jaw a httle projecting, 

 2i to 3 in head. Teeth obtusely conical or rather incisor-like ; dental formula 



^ i^ ^. Gill-rakers rather short, the tips pointed ; 5 or 6 on lower part of 



7-17 + 18-30 . P F . 3 



anterior arch ; width of lower pharyngeals 2 i to 3 in length, their inner edges united 



to form a solid triangular plate, entirely covered with closely approximated, rounded, 



molariform teeth. Scales very much reduced and embedded deeply in the skin in 



young and half-grown specimens, apparently absent, or at least mvisible, in adults ; 



a longitudinal row of more or less contiguous rugose plates between the lateral line 



and the back, usually a similar row of rather smaller plates between lateral line and 



anterior part of anal fin, sometimes reduced to i or 2 plates or absent altogether ; an 



irregular series of small plates, often widely separated from one another, above and 



below the lateral line ; a dermal groove connects the separate plates of the lateral line 



25 



