OF ARTS AND SCIENCES. 117 



tinguisli those species which might otherwise be confounded with the 

 Ccenoti. The short, but always distinct ligules are characteristic of the 

 genus. Most of the Sandwich-IsLand species are decidedly shrubby 

 plants, those of New Zealand and Australia woody at the base ; but 

 there are two Australian species which appear to have annual roots. 

 On the other hand, Erigeron fruticosiim of Juan Fernandez, which 

 forms a shrub, is apparently a genuine Erigeron. 



De CandoUe assigns uniserial rays to his Euryhiopsis and to the 

 New Zealand Vittadinia, and bi-triserial rays to the Australian Vitta- 

 dinice ; Dr. Hooker regards thera as uniserial throughout. When 

 ligules are numerous and narrow, this character has neither definiteness 

 nor significance, as the genus Erigeron shows. To both Euryhiopsis 

 and Vittadinia De Candolle ascribes a ^^ pappus tmiserialis,'" a term 

 which he seems not always to have employed in one and the same 

 sense. In the species known to De Candolle, the very copious bristles 

 of the pappus certainly occupy two or more ranks, just as in Aster. 

 From these there is a gradual transition to the more scanty and obvi- 

 ously uniserial pappus of V. tenerrima and the smaller-flowered species 

 of the Sandwich Islands. 



For the genus, as here augmented, the name of Tetramolopium might 

 be assigned in virtue of its priority, as it antedates Vittadinia by a 

 year. But the former name was given to two heterogeneous species, 

 viz. one from the Sandwich Islands, which has long remained obscure, 

 and one from the Quitensian Andes, which is a Diplostepliium, and with 

 which De Candolle rightly associated two other of Humboldt and 

 Kunth's Asters. In this case the name Vittadinia may fairly be kept 

 up. The three generic names thus brought together may be retained 

 for as many sections, characterized as follows : — 



§1. VITTADINIA VERA. Achenia elongata, faciebus pluristriatis. 

 Pappus copiosus pluriserialis. Ligulas pi. m. conspicucC. Capitula ma- 

 juscula, solitaria. 



V. TRILOBA (DC. non Hortul.) : caule erecto e radice annua apice 

 subcorymboso cum foliis spathulatis cuneatisve basi longe attenuatis 

 superne trilobis vel tridentatis (ramealibus angustioribus soepius inte- 

 gerrimis) scabro-hirtellis vel hii'sutis ; ligulis purpureis breviter exser- 

 tis ; acheniis clavato-linearibus pluristriatis immarginatis pubescentibus, 

 maturis involucro etiam pappo pluriseriali fulvo requilongis. — Variat 

 foliis caulinis tripartitis, lobis trifidis seu laciniatis. — Eastern Austra- 

 lia. — The plant which was generally cultivated in the European gar- 



